A Study On The Selection Of Grammatical Contents In The German Chinese Textbook "Chinese General Explanation" In The Early 20th Centur

Lehrgang der nordchinesischen Umgangssprache is a Chinese textbook written by two Germans,Ferd.Lessing and Wilh.Othmer,at the beginning of the 20 th century for the Germans.The book is mainly based on the Mandarin at that time,teaching from four aspects of pronunciation,Chinese characters,grammar and vocabulary.It is a comprehensive Chinese textbook.As an early published Chinese textbook,this textbook has certain historical value.The content and method of its grammar arrangement still have reference significance for the compilation of today’s nationalized Chinese language textbooks for foreigners.This paper takes the grammar part of Lehrgang der nordchinesischen Umgangssprache as the research object,and on the basis of summarizing the background of the book,uses data statistics and comparative analysis to make quantitative statistics of the grammar points presented in the textbook,compares it with the grammar grade outline in the latest edition of the International Chinese Education Chinese Level Grade Standards,analyzes the scientificity of its grammar content selection and arrangement,and combines the modern Chinese grammar system to sort out the grammatical parts of the Lehrgang der nordchinesischen Umgangssprache and systematically present the scattered grammar points.At the same time,it uses inductive analysis to extract the layout principles of the grammar part of this textbook,including the principle of cultivating Chinese communicative competence;The principle of gradual progress;The principle of combining structure,function and culture and the principle of paying attention to language contrast.In the arrangement of grammar content,Lehrgang der nordchinesischen Umgangssprache focus on explaining similar grammar points;Summarize the key grammar;Pay attention to the comparison of repetition;Focus on German grammar framework and other strategies.This article believes that although there are shortcomings in the grammar part of this textbook,such as a single form of practice and excessive reliance on the mother tongue,the advantages are prominent,manifested in the targeted grammar annotations,practical language materials,and scientific grammar layout.The compilation principles embodied in this textbook,such as gradual progress,integration of culture,and emphasis on reality,are still of reference significance for today’s compilation of Chinese textbooks for foreigners.