Research On Spatio-temporal Pattern And Influencing Factors Of Heterogeneous Labor Force Collaborative Agglomeration

Our economy has changed from a high-speed growth phase to a high-quality development phase.In the face of the new normal of economy,urban development needs to cultivate the diversity of labor market to give play to the role of heterogeneous labor force in social division of labor,so as to form a good collaborative agglomeration system of heterogeneous labor force to jointly improve the efficiency of urban development.Therefore,based on comparative advantage theory,time allocation theory,Marshall Externality theory,spatial economics theory and new spatial economics theory,this paper makes a theoretical interpretation of the influence mechanism of heterogeneous labor force collaborative agglomeration.Secondly,using the data of employees by occupational category in cities at different levels across the country provided by the micro-data sets of the national census in 2000 and the national population sampling survey in 2015,taking prefecture-level cities as spatial units,the spatial and temporal pattern and evolution characteristics of the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force in 2000 and 2015 were investigated to clarify the spatial and temporal law of the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force.Then,Stata16.0 software was used to fit the spatial measurement model for the heterogeneous labor force collaborative agglomeration index and its influencing factors.Through the estimation of each model coefficient,the influencing factors of heterogeneous labor force collaborative agglomeration were identified,and the influencing mechanism of heterogeneous labor force collaborative agglomeration was empirically tested.The results show that:(1)The synergistic agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force is high in eastern coastal areas and low in eastern and western inland areas.In general,from 2000 to 2015,the level of collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force increased significantly on the whole,the regional differences of spatial distribution gradually narrowed,and the situation of collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force in China was gradually optimized.Specifically,the spatial distribution of heterogeneous labor collaborative agglomeration has a significant spatial correlation,and the spatial agglomeration is further improved,which is highlighted in that the cities with a high level of heterogeneous labor collaborative agglomeration mainly cluster in the Pearl River Delta,Yangtze River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and other coastal areas,especially in the southeast coastal areas.The distribution pattern of hot and cold spots changed from "cold in the south and hot in the north" to "cold in the west and hot in the east",and the center of gravity of hot spots shifted from northeast to southeast.(2)Labor division specialization,occupational diversification,consumption expenditure,technological innovation,environmental comfort,openness and tolerance,and spatial spillover effect have significant positive effects on the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force,and are the main influencing factors to promote the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force.Although resident income,R&D input and population size do not pass the significance test,they are positively correlated with the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force,and have a positive impact on the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force,which is an important factor to promote the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force.The artificial comfort level has a negative effect on the collaborative agglomeration of heterogeneous labor force,indicating that in the process of enhancing the artificial comfort level,it is necessary to gradually remove the obstacles for vulnerable groups such as non-local registered labor force and low-skilled labor force to enjoy urban public services and enhance their sense of belonging and gain in the city.(3)In order to optimize the skill structure of the labor force,improve the collaborative agglomeration level of heterogeneous labor force,alleviate the main contradictions in the current society,achieve more adequate and higher quality employment,and promote the development of urban modernization,the following suggestions are put forward: first,to introduce skilled talents,to form a good collaborative agglomeration system of heterogeneous labor force;The second is to raise the level of income,establish and improve the long-term mechanism of expanding household consumption;Third,we should promote technological innovation,increase investment in research and development and strengthen the application of scientific research results.Fourth,we should develop central cities and promote a new type of urbanization with urban agglomeration as the main form.Fifth,we should pay attention to local quality,enhance the comfort level of cities and ensure that the fruits of development are shared by the people.