Marx And Engels’ Thought Of Political Authority

Marx and Engels’ thought of political authority is an important part of Marxist theory and is the core issue that Marx and Engels have been studying through their all life.Taking historical materialism as the research paradigm,Marx and Engels,from the perspective of the human practice and the law of the social development,put forward that the proletarian political authority is the unity of adhering to the party’s leadership,the people governing their countries and governing the country according to law,which provides theoretical guidance for the proletarian revolution and the world communist movement.The study of Marx and Engels’ political authority thought has important historical value and contemporary significance for the in-depth understanding of scientific socialism and the further development of the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Marx and Engels’ thought of political authority is a scientific,ideological achievement which forms on the basis of criticizing and inheriting the ideological achievements of predecessors and combines with the practical needs of the development of human society.Tracing back to the theoretical source of Marx and Engels’ political authority thought,the writer finds that it takes ancient Greek philosophy,enlightenment,French Revolution and Hegel’s philosophical system as the main line.Marx and Engels gain much from their theoretical resources and lay the theoretical foundation for the formation of their political authority thought.When they were young,Marx and Engels completed the criticism and reflection on the authority of religious theology and began to criticize the “earthly world”;In the process of leading the revolutionary struggle of the working class,Marx and Engels,after considering the real society and the needs of the revolutionary struggle,deeply analyzed the feudalism and capitalism,revealed the ugly face of the ruling class for safeguarding their special interests,and finally formed the scientific thought of political authority in the fierce debate with opportunists and anarchists.The content of Marx and Engels’ political authority thought is very good.Starting from the essence of the political authority,Marx and Engels revealed that the political authority should meet the requirement for unifying the will and obedience;The political authority of the proletariat should be based on the principle of democratic centralism.It should not only have the centralized,unified leadership authority,but also fully meet the needs of social autonomy and democracy.During organizing and constructing proletarian political parties,they always take the revolutionary theory as the guiding principle,emphasize that revolution is the most authoritative thing in the world,call on the proletariat to establish the proletarian dictatorship and the proletarian political authority by revolutionary means,which demonstrates the distinct revolution of Marx and Engels’ thought of political authority.Based on historical materialism,Marx and Engels summarized the historicity,the class nature and the legitimacy of the political authority;In terms of the establishment and development of the proletarian political authority,they suggested realizing the victory of the revolution by combining the party authority and the theoretical authority.In addition,they advised to consolidate the fruits of the revolution with the proletarian dictatorship,transform the whole society and promote the productivity.In the future society,with the automatic missing of the political state,the political authority will also die out,and the authority of management function will replace the political authority to manage the society.The research history of the political authority is a pluralistic history of a hundred schools of thought.In modern society,various social thoughts are active in our society,and the mutual transformation and penetration of foreign thoughts and domestic thoughts are also accelerating,whose interpretation of the political authority shows a pluralistic trend.Some western thinkers regard the proletarian political authority as a strong power,which is a slander of the proletarian political authority.The proletarian political authority is the authority of the people as masters of their country and the authority to realize the general interests of the mass.The authority of proletarian leaders should be maintained.But maintaining the authority of leaders is not equal to personal worship.Under the guidance of Marx and Engels’ political authority thought,in consideration of strengthening and safeguarding the party’s authority,it is significant to correctly distinguish the difference between the proletarian political authority and the authoritarianism,and to clarify the dialectical and unified relationship between the proletarian political authority and freedom.Since the founding of the Communist Party of China(the CPC)in 1921,the CPC has always taken Marxism as its theoretical foundation and combined itself with China’s real condition to form a Marxist theoretical system with Chinese characteristics.Under the leadership of successive leaders of the CPC Central Committee,China has made great achievements.In the new era,maintaining and strengthening the Party’s authority is an inevitable requirement for realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Guiding the political construction of the Communist Party of China with Marx and Engels’ political authority thought is conducive to achieving “two maintenances”and “two establishments”,enriching the CPC theory,laying a solid foundation for the Party’s authority and constantly strengthening the Party’s authority construction.