The Idea Of Distributive Justice In Capital And Its Contemporary Valu

Achieving distributive justice is an important pursuit of human society and has always been a focal point of concern for philosophers,politicians and economists.This paper,by digging into and sorting out Marx’s ideas on distributive justice embedded in Capital,hopes to provide a philosophical way of thinking for the improvement and solution of real problems.The thesis firstly takes the historical orientation of the new era in which China is living as the background,and refines the research ideas and explores the innovative points and research significance of the thesis by sorting out the current research status at home and abroad.The second part of the thesis illustrates the formation process of Marx’s idea of distributive justice.Firstly,it compares the theoretical origins of Marx’s idea of distributive justice,from Aristotle’s idea of distributive justice in ancient Greece to the search for distributive justice by the Scottish Enlightenment and the idealistic socialists,whose ideas have all played an important role in the formation of Marx’s idea of distributive justice.Secondly,the thesis sorts out the formation and development of Marx’s distributive justice.The formation of Marx’s idea of distributive justice cannot be separated from the formation of his materialistic view of history.The third part of the thesis elaborates on the idea of distributive justice in Capital from two aspects.In the first part,Marx’s analysis of the phenomenon of labour becoming a commodity and the inhuman exploitation of workers by capitalists due to the profit-seeking nature of capitalists pits capital against labour,which Marx considers to be the distributive injustice that exists in capitalist society.The second aspect of Marx’s discussion is based on the construction of distributive justice in Capital,which is divided into three levels.Marx believed that the cause of unjust distribution was private ownership in a capitalist society,so only common ownership of the means of production could provide the basis for distributive justice.Finally,it identifies the social forms and systems of distribution on which Marx relied to achieve distributive justice.The fourth part of the thesis presents a critical dialogue between Marx’s and Rawls’ ideas on distributive justice,based on the similarities between their ideas on distributive justice and the differences in their choice of paths to achieve distributive justice,in the hope that the comparison will lead to a conclusion that Marx’s ideas on distributive justice are beyond the ideas on distributive justice put forward by other philosophers and economists.The fifth part of the thesis discusses the contemporary value of the idea of distributive justice in Capital.Marx’s idea of distributive justice provides a theoretical and highly theoretical basis for the realization of the goal of common prosperity in socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.On the goal of achieving common prosperity,it is hoped that the theoretical support of Marx’s thought on distributive justice concerning the stage of socialist development in the new era that China is in can be sought out,and its guiding role can be utilised to realise the contemporary value of Capital’s thought on distributive justice in the development of socialism in the new era in China.