Research On Implementation Deviation Of Preferential Placement Policy And Optimization Path Of Social Work Service

The report to the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)called for "making the military a profession respected by the whole society",stressing that not only the active military personnel should be respected,but also the retired military personnel should be cared for.In 2018,The State Council actively responded to the call of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),and established the Ministry of Veterans Affairs to take overall charge of the special care and placement affairs of ex-servicemen,which is conducive to promoting the refined service of policy "transmission and transmission" and the high-quality development of military services.However,in the context of social transformation and based on China’s special hierarchical system,the implementation of preferential care placement services is affected by factors such as information channel sources,stakeholders’ experience background and service skills,resulting in "deviation" and "distortion" in the process of preferential care placement services.Thus affecting soldiers’ cognitive differences in the current systematic,perfect and refined preferential placement policies.For this reason,social work as the "last kilometer" of preferential placement services,how to understand the "top-down" preferential placement services,and what is the status quo and demand of soldiers’ cognitive bias in preferential placement services? How social workers improve soldiers’ understanding of special care placement services and their sense of service and care has become the core issue discussed in this study.This study took retired veterans in S Street of Chongqing and multi-level subjects of grassroots services(social work as the "last kilometer" of service delivery)as the objects,obtained first-hand information through in-depth interviews and field research methods,and analyzed the whole process and deviation of the implementation of special care placement services from the perspective of dynamic process.Based on the perspective of knowledge exchange,this paper analyzes the causes of influencing the bias of preferential placement service from the aspects of information acquisition,experience background and skills and means,and then evaluates the needs of ex-servicemen based on their cognition of the effectiveness of preferential placement service.Finally,the "correction" strategy is formulated from the perspective of social work service practice.The results show that:(1)The special care placement service process presents a four-level system of "district-subdistrict--community--veteran".The district VETERANS Affairs Bureau and the subdistrict veterans Service station "upload and send down" the policy and timely understand the implementation of the subdistrict service and feedback;(2)Community veterans service stations and social work agencies,as the "last mile" of policy interpretation and delivery,understand the needs of soldiers and the status quo of policy services through face-to-face services;(3)The factors of ex-servicemen’s "bias" cognition of policy service include: based on information asymmetry,multiple subjects’ different understanding of policy;The "time and space dislocation" between grassroots service personnel and the experience of retired veterans;Administrative skills of service personnel are difficult to respond to the diversified needs of service objects;(4)The "correction" strategies of social work intervention in preferential placement services include: building communication platforms and expanding the availability of information channels;Participatory accompany evaluation to achieve "empathic" interpretation of policies;Life review services integrate the applicability of diverse skills in practice.