The Application Of Principle Of Proportionality In University Scientific Research Project Fund Management

The report to the 19 th Party Congress pointed out that "we will firmly implement the strategy of developing the country through science and education,and cultivate a large number of strategic scientific and technological professionals leading young and high-level innovation teams of international level." Based on this,the government and the education sector make efforts to develop the country with science and education,build it through innovation,and strengthen it with professionals by investing heavily in research funds nationwide.How to reasonably invest in scientific research funds to achieve human capital accumulation,promote scientific and technological innovation,and ultimately improve the efficiency of scientific research output,has become the top priority of the current governance of scientific research project funds.In China,the government-led governance model has been adopted,which leads to the management power of scientific research funds mostly monopolized by administrative organs.Specifically,the governance of scientific research project funds in universities is mainly the responsibility of governmental science and technology departments and their subordinate units,which implement internalized management.Under this management model,the efficiency of research project funds is extremely low,and researchers’ enthusiasm for innovation,R&D,and exploration has decreased sharply.At the same time,under the governance framework dominated by administrative power,researchers are regarded as public officials with subordinate relations to the government,which means the use of unplanned funds is considered illegal or even criminal at every turn.Such a governance model defeats the original purpose of setting up the research project funds and reflects the typical administrative color.At present,most scholars believe that the essence of research project funding governance is a contractual relationship between the state and researchers,which has the attributes of both public and private law and belongs to the economic law category.Introducing the principle of proportionality into the research funding governance can coordinate the state’s intervention and the research’s autonomy,balance society’s interests with researchers’ interests,make the management transformation from administrative-led to research contractual relationship-led,and enhance researchers’ activity and innovation.In addition,its application effectively facilitates the distinction among research’s risks,failures,misconduct,or fraud in realizing the accountability of research correction and the identification of funding application violations,fully respecting the potential risks and unknown challenges in scientific research innovation.It is easy to see that the proper application of the principle of proportionality has a profound guiding effect on the future management concept,the reform of the governance system,and the introduction of relevant laws,regulations,policies,and opinions.This paper is divided into five parts to discuss the application of the principle of proportionality in the management of university research project funds: the first part is the introduction,which reviews the reform and improvement of national research project funds governance since China’s reform and opening up for more than 40 years,describes the research background and research significance of the paper,and reviews the relevant literature on the principle of proportionality and research funds.It also summarizes the research methodology and innovations of this paper.The second part is the first chapter of the text,which summarizes and explains the concept and characteristics of university research project funding and its management.The third part is the second chapter of the text,which reviews the current governance model of research project funds in China,puts forward its problems,and finds the bias of value orientation in the process.This part discusses the causes of its formation and the internal and external manifestations and indicates the dilemma of research project funds’ governance in China and its essence.The fourth part is the third chapter of the main text,which begins by clarifying the concept of proportionality and its connotation.It demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of applying the principle of proportionality to funding management.The fifth part is the fourth chapter of the text,which delves into the three core issues of research project funding.This part reveals the specific application of the proportionality principle in the expenditure and use of research project funding,the identification of funding violations,and the incentive and accountability of research,which proposes a new governance model of research project funding.