Research On Government Fertility Support Under The Comprehensive Three-Child Policy

At the end of 2022,the National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China birth rate of 6.77‰ was the lowest since 2016,with a natural population growth rate of-0.6‰,which was the first time that China’s population experienced negative growth.In 2021,the dependency ratio for the elderly reached 20.8%,an increase of 8.5 percentage points compared to 2011.The aging of China’s population has worsened,with the birth population declining year after year,making it difficult for the population to achieve long-term balanced development,and facing the difficulties of human resource problem,which seriously restricts China’s sustainable development.In 2021,China introduced a three child policy to alleviate the population problem in China,allowing a couple to have three children.However,in order to achieve long-term balanced population development,it is not only simple to liberalize the number of children born to families of childbearing age.After the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy,the birth rate has decreased year by year,and the policy effect has been unsatisfactory.To truly encourage fertility and successfully achieve the expected goals of the three-child policy,it is also necessary for the government to strengthen fertility support and introduce a series of supporting measures for fertility support to help achieve the three-child policy.This article uses the collaborative governance theory as the theoretical foundation,and uses questionnaire and structured interview as research methods.Taking Heze City as an example,it conducts a survey on the current status of government support for three children.Based on the survey results,it analyzes the problems existing in the current government support for three children in Heze City,mainly including:insufficient subsidies for three children’s birth insurance,inadequate implementation of three child benefits for employees in employers,insufficient supply of childcare services for 0-3 years old infants There is a lack of facilities for mothers and infants with three children.According to the findings of the analysis of the current Heze city government three-child fertility support problems,mainly include:insufficient government funding for three child support,high resistance to the implementation of the employer’s three child policy,insufficient government support for 0-3 year old childcare services,and bias in social perception of reproductive value.Based on the above analysis,this article explores the establishment of a collaborative governance system for government fertility support from the perspective of collaborative governance,and proposes suggestions for optimizing government support for three children,providing policy support for childbearing age families to have three children,reducing the burden of childbearing,thereby increasing fertility rates,and promoting the implementation of three child fertility policies.One is to strengthen incentives for three children by increasing special subsidies for three children and extending their maternity leave;The second is to encourage employers to implement the three child policy by increasing tax incentives for three children and establishing a three child employment sharing mechanism;Third,innovate childcare service methods by creating community childcare assistance centers and vitalizing public facilities and resources for childcare;Fourth,strengthen collaboration between government departments in fertility support by formulating a list of responsibilities to encourage fertility and establishing a fertility support assessment mechanism.This paper applies the theory of collaborative governance to the research on the three-child support of Heze City government and tries to broaden the application field of collaborative governance theory.This study is of practical significance.It provides policy suggestions on fertility support for Heze City government under the universal three-child policy,and also provides reference for the optimization of fertility support for other counties where the fertility rate continues to decline.