| As a spatial carrier of farmers’ production and life,rural areas have always played an important role in the evolution of human civilization.With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization,the production and living functions of urban areas are becoming more and more obvious,while rural areas are more regarded as places for agricultural production.Under the development model of focusing on urban areas and neglecting rural areas,the urban landscape is changing with each passing day,and the development of rural areas is stagnant.Even in the world,the phenomenon of rural regional decline is common,which in turn induces a series of’ rural problems.Since the 21st century,China has been deeply aware that rural areas are the foundation of national modernization,and has adopted a series of preferential agricultural policies to support rural construction,especially the implementation of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization strategies,which reflects that China attaches great importance to rural regional development.Under the support of national policy and the requirements of the development of the times,the rural regional function is bound to assume some urban functions and present diversified development.How to clarify the rural regional function orientation and develop its own advantageous functions according to different resource endowments and location conditions has become the focus of academic research.Based on this,constructing the theoretical framework of rural regional system symbiosis,analyzing the multi-functional differentiation characteristics of rural areas,clarifying the symbiosis formation mechanism and evolution mechanism among various functions of rural areas,and realizing the spatial functional zoning of rural areas are important means to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation,help rural revitalization and development,serve ecological civilization construction,and promote regional coordinated and sustainable development.In this paper,129 counties in Hebei Province as the research unit,from four aspects of agricultural production,non-agricultural construction,living and living,ecological environment,the construction of rural regional multi-functional evaluation index system,the use of comprehensive evaluation method to measure the 2005-2020 rural areas in Hebei Province,the value of each function,with the help of ArcGIS software to visualize the spatial data expression,using the coefficient of variation,spatial autocorrelation,standard deviation ellipse model reveals the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of rural regional multi-function.With the help of symbiosis theory and symbiosis model,the symbiosis model of each function in rural areas is identified,and the symbiotic evolution mechanism between functions is revealed.On the basis of identifying the dominant function type,combined with the functional symbiosis type,the multi-functional zoning control strategy of rural areas in Hebei Province is proposed.The findings are as follows:(1)The spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics of rural regional function in Hebei Province are obvious,and have positive spatial agglomeration distribution characteristics.This paper analyzes the time series characteristics from the overall characteristics and regional differences.From the overall characteristics,from 2005 to 2020,the agricultural production function of Hebei Province showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,while the ecological security function was the opposite,and the non-agricultural production function and living and living function showed a steady σconvergence.From the perspective of regional differences,the coefficient of variation CV reflects that the timing characteristics of agricultural production function are the most stable,followed by living and living function,and the stability of ecological security function is the worst.This paper analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics from the spatial evolution trend,gravity center migration change and spatial aggregation distribution.From the perspective of spatial evolution trend,there are various trends in the east-west and north-south directions of each function,and the spatial distribution characteristics are unique,such as the increasingly obvious distribution of the circle/half circle structure of living and living functions.From the point of view of the migration of the center of gravity,the stability of agricultural production function is relatively general and the distribution pattern in the direction of Xingtai-Langfang is gradually weakening,the center of gravity of non-agricultural production is the most stable and the weak situation in the south and the north cannot be shaken in a short time,the center of gravity of living and living function is relatively stable and the core high value area has a trend of moving to the northeast,the spatial stability of ecological security function is poor and the center of gravity moves to the central and northern regions more obviously.From the perspective of spatial agglomeration distribution,the functional distribution of rural areas in Hebei Province from 2005 to 2020 showed a significant positive agglomeration distribution.On the whole,the agglomeration characteristics of ecological security function were particularly obvious,followed by living and living function,and the agglomeration characteristics of nonagricultural production function were relatively weak.The spatial agglomeration changes of different functions in each time period were different,and there was a certain correlation between the spatial agglomeration trend of functions.(2)There are many symbiotic modes among the multi-functions in rural areas of Hebei Province.From the overall perspective,the agricultural production function and non-agricultural production function show a parasitic relationship that is conducive to the development of non-agricultural production function,and the former’s effect on the latter is gradually strengthened;from the perspective of counties,it can be divided into five symbiotic types,which are dominated by agricultural production-dominated reverse asymmetric symbiosis and non-agricultural production-beneficial parasitic relationship.From the overall perspective,the agricultural production function and the living function are in an embarrassing situation,and the latter has a stronger restriction on the former.From the perspective of counties and districts,it can be divided into six symbiotic types,mainly living life dominated reverse asymmetric symbiosis and agricultural production benefit parasitic relationship.From the overall perspective,the symbiotic mode of agricultural production function and ecological security function is the parasitic relationship between thick ecology and thin agriculture,and the agricultural production function has a greater role in promoting the ecological security function;from the perspective of counties and districts,it can be divided into six symbiotic types,mainly based on ecological security benefit parasitic relationship and ecological security dominant positive asymmetric symbiosis.From the overall perspective,the non-agricultural production function and the living and living function are in a positive asymmetric symbiosis,and the latter promotes the former stronger;from the perspective of counties and districts,it can be divided into four types of symbiosis,mainly living life dominated positive asymmetric symbiosis and living life beneficial parasitic relationship.From the overall perspective,the symbiotic mode of non-agricultural production function and ecological security function is reverse asymmetric symbiosis,that is,the two functions face a dilemma of mutual constraints,and the ecological security function has a slightly stronger inhibitory effect on non-agricultural production function;from the perspective of counties,it can be divided into 6 symbiotic types,mainly non-agricultural production benefit parasitic relationship and ecological security benefit parasitic relationship.Living function and ecological security function are in a state of reverse asymmetric symbiosis,and the former has a greater impact on the latter.From the perspective of counties and districts,it can be divided into six symbiotic types,mainly living life dominated reverse asymmetric symbiosis and living life beneficial parasitic relationship.(3)The rural regional space in Hebei Province can be divided into 4 first-level functional areas and 12 second-level functional areas.According to the regional resource endowment and development characteristics,combined with the results of rural regional spatial zoning in Hebei Province,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:First,the dominant functional area should clarify the advantageous resources and functional positioning of regional development in the future,and focus on the development of regional leading functions,with a view to expanding the existing functional advantages.For example,agricultural production leading areas should pay attention to the construction of farmland water conservancy facilities,transform lowyielding fields,and vigorously develop agricultural industrial bases.Second,polarized development of reverse symbiotic zone in the future should consider the interests of the space development,reconcile the conflict between functions,improve the symbiotic relationship between the dominant function and short board function.Third,polarized development parasitic zone prone to ’functional imbalance’ or ’functional mediocrity’phenomenon,the future in the process of strengthening the dominant function and make up the short board function,should also pay attention to the parasitic relationship at a disadvantage function,to reconcile the symbiotic relationship between functions.Fourth,the positive symbiotic zone of polarized development is only in the state of primary coordinated development,and there are shortcomings.In the future,we should continue to optimize the coordination relationship between functions to achieve intermediate or even advanced coordination,and make full use of the driving effect of leading functions to make up for the shortcomings of regional functions while developing leading functions. |
