The Research On The Financing Mechanism Of Long-term Nursing Insurance In China Under The Background Of Aging

On July 11,2022,the United Nations released the World Population Outlook 2022,which predicts that the world’s population will reach 10.4 billion people by 2100.The main reasons for this are the decrease in mortality and fertility rates,which means a decrease in newborns and a gradual increase in the proportion of the elderly population in the total population.The same is true for the changes in the age structure of China’s population.At the end of 2021,the proportion of people aged 65 and above increased by 0.7 percentage points compared to 2020,further deepening the degree of aging.In China’s "14th Five Year Plan and 2035 Vision Goals",it is explicitly mentioned that a long-term care insurance system should be steadily established.To establish a feasible long-term care insurance system,the most important thing is to establish a diversified financing channel and reasonable financing standards financing mechanism,providing stable fund income for the sustainable operation of the long-term care insurance system.This article takes 60 pilot areas in China as the research object and compares and analyzes the trial implementation status of long-term care insurance in each region.Select 18 representative pilot areas from 60 pilot areas,use DEA model to analyze the financing efficiency of each area,identify several relatively effective cities,and study their financing mechanisms in a targeted manner,providing the main experience and reference for the design of financing mechanisms in this article.Organize four countries with strong reference significance for China’s long-term care insurance internationally,analyze their financing mechanisms,and compile practical experience for reference.Then,based on the domestic and foreign experiences compiled in this article,design a suitable financing mechanism for long-term care insurance in China.Using the ILO financing model combined with data such as China’s population forecast,age structure,and average wage level of urban employees,predict the financing level of long-term care insurance in the next five years.The total funding level for long-term care insurance predicted in this article is 0.62%in 2023 and 0.76%in 2027.It is believed that individuals,units,financial subsidies,medical insurance pooling funds,and welfare funds should be the main sources of funding.The optimal contribution ratio for each entity is 27%for individuals,27%for units,9.5%for financial subsidies at all levels,27%for medical insurance pooling funds,and 9.5%for welfare lottery funds;Finally,it is suggested to adjust the financing form in a timely manner based on the trial implementation of long-term care insurance,expand financing channels,achieve substantial diversification of financing,refine financing standards based on actual conditions,implement dynamic adjustment mechanisms,enhance policy implementation,and expand the coverage of the population.