Research On The Measurement And Improvement Path Of The Development Level Of Rural Human Settlements In China

Rural revitalization cannot be separated from the construction of human settlements environment,and continuous improvement of rural human settlements environment level is an important guarantee for the smooth promotion of rural revitalization.The improvement of human settlements environment needs "both soft and hard".High-quality rural human settlements has gradually become an important part of the growing needs of rural residents for a better life.Improving rural human settlements is one of the effective ways to solve the major social contradictions in the new era.Therefore,research on the construction quality,distribution pattern and evolution mechanism of rural human settlements has important academic value and application value.Under the guidance of public goods theory,sustainable development theory and regional development theory,this paper,through in-depth explanation of the soft-hard environment interaction mechanism of rural human settlements in our country,constructs an evaluation index system for the coupling and coordination of the soft-hard environment of rural human settlements,which includes four dimensions: rural economic production environment,rural cultural system environment,rural ecological construction environment and rural infrastructure environment.The entropy method and coupling coordination degree model were used to measure the comprehensive level of rural human settlements in 30provinces(cities,autonomous regions)in China from 2006 to 2018 and the coupling coordination degree of soft-hard environment.The spatial and temporal pattern of the comprehensive level of rural human settlements and the coupling coordination degree of soft-hard environment in the provinces were further explored by using the exploratory spatial data analysis method.The influencing factors and action mechanism of the comprehensive level of rural human settlements in China were analyzed by using the spatiotemporal geographical weighted regression model,and the spatial convergence and divergence of the coupling coordination degree of soft and hard environment of rural human settlements were investigated by using the spatial convergence model.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)From 2006 to 2018,the comprehensive level of rural human settlements in China and its soft and hard environment showed a steady growth trend,but the gradient difference of regional development was obvious,and the soft environment level of rural human settlements was lower than the hard environment level for a long time;The spatial agglomeration intensity of the comprehensive level of rural human settlements has weakened with time fluctuation,mainly forming two hot spots(H-H)in the Bohai Economic Zone and the Yangtze River Delta,while the cold spots(L-L)show obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics in southwest China.(2)From 2006 to 2018,the coupling coordination degree of rural residential soft-hard environment in most provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)was mainly between0.3 and 0.6,and the overall situation was in the transitional stage of mild imbalance and above;The spatial evolution of rural residential soft-hard environment coordination degree basically shows the trend characteristics of "from point to line,from line to surface",and gradually develops from coastal to inland.(3)From the three dimensions of basic drive,core drive and external drive,the influencing factors of the comprehensive level of rural human settlements are selected.The regression results show that the road network density is the main factor for improving the rural human settlements,and the industrial structure,urbanization rate and financial support also play an important supporting role.The degree of openness hinders the improvement of the comprehensive level of rural human settlements.(4)From 2006 to 2018,the degree of dispersion of coupling coordination between soft-hard environment of rural human settlements in China gradually decreased.Under β absolute convergence,the coupling coordination degree of soft-hard environment of rural human settlements has "convergence effect" of catching up from lower-level provinces to higher-level provinces.The β conditional convergence model with several control variables shows that the conditional convergence speed of coupling coordination degree of soft-hard environment of rural human settlements is the fastest in the eastern region,while it does not show the conditional convergence characteristics in the northeast region.Finally,according to the principles of economic and geographical regionalization,the cooperative construction circle of rural human settlements in China is defined,and the key tasks and future development directions of rural human settlements in different types of areas are put forward,which provides theoretical guidance and policy reference for deeply understanding the current situation of rural human settlements in China,promoting the improvement of rural human settlements according to local conditions,and promoting the smooth implementation of rural revitalization strategy.