Research On Optimization Paths Of Elderly Care For One-Child Families In Shanghai

China has implemented the one-child policy since 1980,it was not until the revise of the Law on Population and Family Planning,the one-child policy was finally terminated after implementing for 36 years.Taking Shanghai as the example,as Statistics on Demographics and Programs of Senior Citizens in Shanghai reported,by the end of 2020,the elderly population over the age of 60 had totaled 5.3449 million,accounting for 36.1% of the total population,indicating a serious aging phenomenon.Among them,one-child parents accounted for about 80%,becoming the mainstream elderly population in Shanghai.For the first generation of the only child who were born in Shanghai are 40 years old now,and their parents are approximate70 years old,the problem of family elderly care becomes imminent.The only child burdens heavy living pressure,with 4-2-1 or 4-2-2 family structure,they have no time to take full care of their parents,causing family elderly supporting contradictions occur frequently.Therefore,solving elderly caring contradictions of the one-child family can effectively alleviate family and social elderly caring pressure.By the means of questionnaire,this paper investigates the elderly caring mode,status,elderly care willingness,satisfaction and other factors among the aged in Shanghai,analyzes the relationship and restrictive factors among various parameters from multiple perspective,finally determines that the main elderly care contradictions in today’s society of one-child families are lacking of financial and physical support,lacking of preferential national policies and deficient in social elderly caring service.The respondents of the survey are divided into 2 groups: one child’s parents and the only child of the family.By comparing the results,it’s found that both groups are dissatisfied with the current elderly caring policy,social services supply,social facilities’ construction and elderly care superintendent.While exploring the solutions to traditional elderly caring model defects,it’s found that new elderly care model can also alleviate the pressure of one-child families to a certain extent.The research shows that the countermeasures to alleviate elderly caring contradictions of one-child families are as follows: first,the elderly should establish a scientific concept of elderly care and strengthen inter-generational support among family members.Second,the country can lengthen the accompanying leave of the only child,increasing the economic subsidies for the their parents,formulating the policies for the only child parents to settle in their kid’s place,strengthening the support and supervision of social elderly care service.Third,the society should improve community home-based elderly care services and strengthen the service standard of social elderly care institutions.As the supplement of traditional elderly care models,various new elderly care models from home and abroad can alleviate family elderly care pressure of one-child family by alleviating the old’s spiritual loneliness,fulfilling the old’s medical demand,improving the old’s life quality,reducing family financial pressure,meeting elderly care demand,which worth reference and promotion.