Research On Emergency Management Decision-making For Fire Accidents In Colleges And Universitie

At present,China’s colleges and universities have the characteristics of large scale,dense personnel and complex environment.There are many unstable factors and various emergencies occur frequently,which not only affect the normal teaching order of colleges and universities,threaten the life and health of teachers and students,but also cause serious social impact.Colleges and universities shoulder the mission of cultivating talents and are the gathering place of experts,scholars and high-quality students.Their development needs a stable environment.It is of great significance to study how to prevent emergencies in Colleges and universities and how to improve the emergency management ability and decision-making efficiency of emergency management.This paper constructs a specific emergency management decision-making flowchart based on the whole emergency management process,and gives specific decision-making examples,which will help improve the efficiency of emergency management and provide a reference for college emergency management decision-making.First,the concept of emergency decision-making,the classification and classification standards of public emergencies are explained,combined with the characteristics of universities,the concept of public emergencies in universities is defined,classified and graded,and the work content of the four stages of the emergency management process is introduced.The classification framework of special emergency plans for colleges and universities and the classification and start-up standards for emergency response of colleges and universities.Secondly,a whole process of university emergency management decision-making from risk identification,daily state inspections,risk assessment,warning issuance,emergency response initiation to the end of the emergency is proposed.The result of risk assessment is used as a criterion for whether to initiate a hierarchical early warning.After that,preliminary treatment should be carried out,and corresponding emergency response should be initiated according to the characteristics and severity of the incident,emergency treatment measures should be taken,and measures should be adjusted according to the development situation until the end of the emergency.Taking the fire event with the highest probability of occurrence among the types of accidents in colleges and universities as an example,conduct a specific study on the whole process of emergency decision-making: according to the characteristics of the accident and the analysis of emergencies over the years,risk identification is carried out through fault tree analysis,and expert judgment and fuzzy The combination of fault tree calculates the probability of fire in general colleges and universities,analyzes the risk factors that have a greater impact on the fire in colleges and universities,and puts forward suggestions for improvement.Then introduced the most important emergency response methods in fire accidents and related theories about evacuation.Taking a university complex as an example,using Anylogic software for modeling and simulation,building the physical environment model of the building and the pedestrian evacuation logic model,considering the state of panic and the logic of pedestrian evacuation.Two cases of normal evacuation,and statistics and analysis of the evacuation results.Finally,the improved Dijkstra algorithm is used to optimize the evacuation path,shorten the emergency evacuation time,improve the emergency evacuation efficiency,and provide a reference for emergency evacuation decision-making.