| In order to implement the national strategy of actively responding to population aging and solve the problem of the low total fertility rate of women of childbearing age in China,the Chinese government has been exploring population policies to moderately increase the fertility rate in recent years.In 2021,the state launched the three-child policy and emphasized the intensified construction of supporting policies,striving to alleviate the realistic dilemma of weak population growth caused by the current family "dare not give birth and have no one to care for them".However,although the state issued the "Guidance on Promoting the Development of Childcare Services for Infants under 3 years old" and other policies to promote the development of childcare services,there are still problems such as "it is difficult and expensive to get into nursery",the development of the childcare service industry is not standardized and so on.Therefore,in order to alleviate the increasing pressure of family care,meet people’s growing demand for childcare services,and narrow the gap between the current supply of childcare services for infants aged 0-3 in China and the policy goals of inclusive childcare services,it is urgent to research the realization path of China’s 0-3-year-old infants’ inclusive childcare service policy.This paper mainly uses the methods of literature analysis combined with semi-structured interview,uses welfare pluralism and equalization of basic public services,grasps the current situation of the supply of childcare services for infants aged 0-3 in China,and finds out that the current obstacles to the realization of China’s inclusive childcare service policy are the insufficient supply of childcare services;the mismatch between the supply and demand structure of childcare services,and there are lacks of special infant childcare services,temporary and delayed childcare services,etc;the development of the childcare service industry is not standardized,the service quality is poor,and the turnover of personnel within the industry is relatively large;there is a lack of sufficient,skilled,serious and responsible childcare service professionals.The main reasons for facing these obstacles are imperfect laws and regulations,inadequate policy publicity,insufficient financial investment,imperfect administrative management system,non-standard service standards,and differences in the concept of childcare services of relevant subjects.By analyzing and drawing on the excellent experiences of Japan and the United Kingdom in the development of childcare services,this paper puts forward the realization path of China’s policy of inclusive childcare services for infants aged 0-3 years.First,it is necessary to clarify the positioning attributes and development concepts of childcare services,adhere to inclusiveness,and take the route of sustainable development.Second,it is necessary to expand the total supply of childcare services,and accelerate the construction of government-led,socially-run,and community-developed childcare service institutions.Third,we should promote the balance between the supply and demand structure of childcare services,and accelerate the development of various types of childcare services,such as full-time,half-day,time-based,special,temporary,family-based and delayed.Fourth,we must standardize the development of the childcare service industry,improve industry standards,and strengthen the supervision and management of childcare services.Fifth,we should promote the construction of professional personnel teams in childcare services,expand the number of professional personnel in childcare services,and strengthen the skills and professional ethics training of childcare service personnel.Sixth,it is necessary to improve the supporting conditions of inclusive childcare services,improve the legal and policy system of childcare services,strengthen the publicity of childcare services,increase financial investment in childcare services,and ensure the development of childcare service institutions. |
