The Study Of Marx’s Spiritual Life And Its Contemporary Value

Spiritual life is the inner lifestyle of human beings,but it is also affected by many external factors.Healthy and full high-quality spiritual life has far-reaching significance for developing people’s abilities and interests,improving their spiritual outlook and enhancing the quality of life.People are inquiring and reflecting all their life in order to understand themselves.The exploration of life value,spiritual world and even spiritual life is also the proposition that Marxism always pays attention to.Marx is not a“soulless materialist”.He made a profound discussion on the nature and existence of human beings,and believed that human beings should realize the value of life through understanding and transforming the world.He also used “experience” as a tool to refine life experience into emotional depth,rational contemplation,value pursuit,aesthetic scale,and finally to enhance the realm of life.Based on the “new world view”of historical materialism,Marx surpassed the metaphysical understanding of the spiritual life of the previous philosophy with a strong critical spirit and a clear realistic orientation,and revealed the true state of the spiritual life of the capitalist society through the exposure and criticism of the emptiness of the spiritual life,intellectual decline and moral degradation.He did not stop at the simple disclosure of the pathological conditions of spiritual life,but deeply analyzed its pathological root from the level of ownership relations,and foresaw the spiritual life of people in the future with a profound historical vision.Marx’s discussion on spiritual life points out the core connotation of spiritual life,that is,spiritual life is mainly about satisfying people’s spiritual needs,and people engage in creative activities related to human consciousness in production and communication,so as to enrich people’s inner world,seek meaning and belonging,and realize a life pattern conforming to people’s nature and free development.It represents the existence and essence of human beingson the spiritual level.Its formation is roughly reflected in the four dimensions of origin,foundation,clarity and confirmation,hat is,it originates from the criticism of western transce-ndentalism,transcendentalism and naturalism spiritual life view,and consciously generates Marx’s thought of spiritual life based on the establishment of the scientific practice view of “perceptual object activity”,the formation of the new world view of historical materialism and the subject identification of “real man”.In addition,it has formed relevant key exposition and basic outline in such important works as Introduction to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right,Economic and Philosophy Manuscript of 1844,German Ideology,Prefaceto Critique of Political Economy and Das Kapital.From the perspective of content structure,Marx believes that spiritual life is not only influenced by many factors of nature,material life and human society,but also has the essential rules of constraint and transcendence,emotional needs and formal demands,individuality and sociality,showing the basic state of “dependence--relative independence--comprehensive richness” in the “three forms” of human and social development.Marx followed the theory of human liberation and the basic logic of“critique--construction”,revealing the basic path of spiritual life from alienation to freedom,from emptiness to reality,from single to comprehensive.According to the clue of “Criticism of alienation--institutional sublation”,the necessity of free time and free personality to the spiritual life and the significance of the whole human life are explored,and the important role of the spiritual liberation dimension to the spiritual life is confirmed.Focusing on reality,the level of modern material productivity is enough to provide a broader space for the spiritual life.However,the movement of Chinese market economy caused by the logic of capital,such as the materialization of spiritual life,the nihilism of meaning,the weak belief,etc.,also reflects some people’s spiritual life problems to a certain extent.Therefore,the theoretical significance of Marx’s thought on spiritual life lies in that it refutes the wrong argument of “economic determinism” and“human learning empty field” of Marxism from the aspect of human spiritual life,strengthens the spiritual content of “Two Necessities” and “Two Impossibilities”,and highlights the spiritual direction of human liberation and free and comprehensive development.Its practical value lies in the fact that it can help to solve the realistic problems of materialization and nihilism in spiritual life,stimulate and empower the people to take the spiritual initiative of self-confidence and consciousness,inherit and carry forward the fine tradition of emphasizing spiritual cultivation of the Chinese nation,improve the quality,empower,inherit wisdom and enhance the efficiency of socialist modernization,and help realize the common prosperity of people’s spiritual life and develop a good life.