A Study On The Corrupt Behaivor Of University Leaders Since The 18th National Congress Of The Communist Party Of China From The Perspective Of Historical Institutionalism

The Communist Party of China is constantly fighting against corruption and building integrity politics,which is both necessary to maintain the party’s advancement and an important guarantee for leading the people to achieve success in socialism with Chinese characteristics.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,in the face of the increasingly urgent situation of anti-corruption struggle,the central government has strengthened its efforts to prevent and punish corruption,and universities have gradually become an important area for anti-corruption struggles.From the "double first-class" construction college,the former "985" project,the original "211" project national key universities,down to the local vocational colleges at the specialist level,from the secretary,the school(college)director to the ordinary administrative staff,the corruption occurs in many areas of universities,including infrastructure,personnel,enrollment,scientific research,academic and other fields.This study focuses on the corruption behaviors of full-time undergraduate university leaders(the party committee and deputy secretary,the deputy school<college>)(hereinafter referred to as the leaders of colleges and schools),combines normative analysis with empirical analysis,and establishes the following case database on the basis of collecting information on the age,party age,education background,investigation time,geographical distribution,type of corruption,the amount involved,latent period of corruption and punishment measures of the investigated university leaders,which contains information on the investigated university leaders(178 in total)from November 8,2012 to October 16,2022.Combined with the analysis of the relevant case samples,the main characteristics of the corruption of high-education,high vocational titles,and high-ranking colleges and universities are summarized from data,mainly reflected in the following:economic corruption such as bribery is the most important form of their corruption behaviors,the frequent occurrence of nest and family corruption,the concurrency and concentration of corrupt behaviors in multiple fields,the phenomenon of "promotion with illness" and "joining the university with illness" is common.Based on the analysis method of historical institutionalism theory,this paper sorted out the change process of the management system of college in China in the past 74 years,which is divided into the period of centralized state control of university management(1949-1977),and period of transition from centralized state control to autonomous university management(1978-1997),the initial period of corporate governance(1998-2009)and the period of construction of modern university system with Chinese characteristics(2010-till now).It also explores the structural relationship between college management system and macro political system,sequence of political variables and the institutional change and path dependence of college management system,dig out the evolution of college leader’s power in the process if centralized state control to autonomous college management,and reveals the institutional factors such as administratativeization of college management,failure of college supervision mechanism and rent-seeking space in college management system for the occurrence of corrupt behaviors of college leaders.In view of the institutional causes of the incidence of corruption in colleges and universities,this paper puts forward countermeasure suggestions for the preventing and controlling corruption behaviors of universities from the legal system and system construction.For the construction of the legal system,firstly strengthen the macro legislation in the field of anti-corruption and make up for legal loopholes.Secondly,promote legislation in key areas of colleges and universities,and gradually establish an internal anti-corruption legal system within colleges and universities.System construction is the key to the prevention and control mechanism of university leaders’ s corruption.It is necessary to fully implement and improve the effective college and university system,and explore a more progressive,strict and effective university management system,as follows: improve the appointment system of university leaders and implement the open selection and appointment system;implement the university-level "three major" system and the "one hand" last position system;improve the system of inspection and supervision within the party in colleges and universities and innovate the system model of clean government education.