A Study On The Impact Of Urban And Rural Residents’ Pension Insurance On The Labor Participation Of The Elderly

In the context of population aging,the concern of old age security for the elderly continues to climb.China advocates the concept of positive aging and guarantees the happy life of the elderly from three dimensions: health,participation and security.In the opinions on strengthening the work of aging in the new era and the development plan of aging,China has encouraged the social participation of the elderly,explored the flexible employment of the elderly by improving the social employment policy,and combined "active aging" and "active aging" to continue It provides new ideas for strengthening social security for the elderly in the new era.Currently,labor participation of the elderly is widespread,mainly by returning to work and flexible employment,and the working age is gradually increasing,and the elderly are also becoming participants in the labor market.As a formal social support system,urban and rural residents’ pension insurance is provided by the government to urban and rural people who do not participate in the pension insurance of enterprises and institutions,mainly unemployed and flexibly employed people.Does the urban and rural residents’ pension insurance play a role in the labor participation behavior of the elderly? How does the mechanism of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance affect the labor participation of the elderly? Are there any differences?Based on the above questions,this paper systematically analyzes the labor force participation of the elderly aged 60 and above using data from the 2018 China Pension Survey and constructs a Probit regression model to analyze the utility of the impact of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance on the labor force participation of the elderly.The findings of this paper are as follows: First,urban and rural residents’ pension insurance has a crowding-in effect on labor participation,a significant positive effect on labor participation of the elderly,and a higher degree of effect on agricultural labor participation than non-agricultural labor participation.Second,intergenerational economic support plays a mediating effect in the effect of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance on older people’s agricultural labor participation,while the mediating effect on nonagricultural labor participation is not significant,and urban and rural residents’ pension insurance plays more of a direct effect.Third,education level plays a moderating role in the effect of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance on the agricultural labor participation of the elderly.Educational attainment strengthens the positive effect of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance on labor participation of the elderly,and there is no moderating effect in non-agricultural labor participation.Fourth,the effect of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance on older adults’ labor force participation varies by gender,age,region,pension level,and health status.Participation in urban and rural residents’ pension insurance is more likely to increase labor force participation among older adults who are male,of lower age,in the central and western regions,with lower pension levels,and in good health.