Research On The Influence Mechanism Of Chinese Local Patent Box System On Patent Transaction Activities

Patents have become strategic resources for national development and core elemenst for countries to enhance their international competitiveness,They play an important role in promoting the development of social economy,technology and culture and the integration of relations.Tax preference policies are a kind of important policy tool to encourage activities about intellectual property especially patent.Because patent activities are characterized by high input cost,uncertain income and spillover,resulting in the discouragement of patent research and development and transaction intention of enterprises,while the efficiency and justice of taxation can provide incentives and compensation.Patent box system is widely adopted by all countries in the world to encourage various transactions mainly involving patent transfer.China has also established local patent box system,which is represented by the tax preference for enterprise technology transfer stipulated in the《Enterprise Income Tax Law》implemented in2008.However,through the investigation of the practice,it is found that the incentive effect of the policy seems to be limited.Therefore,this paper explores whether the implementation of this kind of patent box policy achieves incentive goal through empirical research.On this basis,combining policy combing and foreign comparison research,it provides reference suggestions for optimization of Chinese local patent box system,hoping to further encourage enterprise patent trading activities.First of all,we sort out Chinese local patent box policy system,clarified the policy structure,related system changes and the driving factors and evolution logic behind it,comprehensively understood the system development situation,find the prominent problems like endogenous defects of the related policy and deviation from the current national goals,and provide support for the optimization research of the current Chinese local patent box system.Secondly,we take the preferential tax policy for technology transfer,a representative Chinese local patent box policy,as an example.And list companies in the A-share manufacturing industry during 2005-2014 as research samples.Then use DID to test the effect of the policy on the patent transfer activities of enterprises.The results show that the policy has a significant positive incentive effect on the increase of the amount of patent transfer.Further,the group test was conducted to investigate the influence of multi-dimensional heterogeneity factors,such as enterprise equity type,enterprise size,industry type and regional innovation ability,on the implementation of policy effects,so as to explore the deep mechanism of policy incentives.The results show that the incentive effect of the policy on state-owned enterprises,large-scale enterprises,strategic emerging industries and enterprises in regions with strong innovation ability is more significant.Finally,based on the outstanding problems found in the policy evolution analysis,the results of empirical analysis and the comparative research conclusions of Chinese and foreign patent box policies,some comprehensive suggestions on optimizing Chinese local patent box system were put forward,including strengthening the policy coordination ability,improving the policy response speed,and setting differentiated tax incentives and so on.