A Study On The Old-age Support Of Losing-single-child Family In The Rural Areas Of Harbin

Elderly care for families who have lost their only child is a major social issue.Compared with urban families who have lost their only child,due to various factors such as lower living standards,weak economic security,and unsound grass-roots facilities,the problem of old-age care is more prominent and the contradictions are more acute.The pension problem needs to be solved urgently.Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory and Social Support Theory,this paper selects four rural areas in Harbin as the research area,and conducts a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews with the rural people who lost their only child in the four areas.Based on the analysis of life care,physical health,interpersonal relationships,hobbies,social security needs and social support needs of families who lost their only child,the characteristics of the current situation of the elderly in rural Harbin families who lost their only child were summarized.Then,according to the data collected by the questionnaire,starting from three aspects: life status,economic status and spiritual status,it analyzes the problems that lead to the plight of rural families who lost their only child in Harbin,mainly in terms of life care:declining health,formal Weak social support and unattended living;economic security: insufficient economic subsidies and increased medical expenses;spiritual comfort: weak mental health services and monotonous rural life.The reasons for the problem are: insufficient formal social support,poor rural medical facilities,insufficient cultural construction and insufficient support from professional social forces.All of the above are supported by typical cases.Finally,suggestions are put forward to deal with the problem of old-age care for those who have lost their only child in rural areas from three aspects: government support,social support and social work intervention: in terms of formal social support,the top-level policy design is used to provide economic security for rural families who have lost their only child,and to provide professional housekeeping service security.Living care for the elderly who lost their only child in rural areas,providing professional psychological counseling to ensure the mental health of rural families who have lost their only child,providing green channels for medical treatment to protect their physical health,providing professional old-age care services to solve the worries of rural families who have lost their only child,and establishing regulatory authorities to further safeguard policies.Implementation: In terms of informal social support: to promote the relationship between husband and wife supporting each other,build a support network of relatives,friends and neighbors,and encourage social forces to build nursing homes for families who have lost their only child in rural areas;in terms of social work intervention,professional social workers provide life for the elderly in rural areas who have lost their only child Care,psychological counseling and links to resources for support.