Research On The Efficiency And Equity Of First-class Higher Education Resource Allocation Based On DEA In China

How to realize the effective allocation of first-class higher education resources and ensure the equity of education is not only a hot issue concerned by the public,but also an important theoretical issue with great practical value and practical significance.At present,our country’s higher education has entered a stage of high-quality development,so it is more important to promote equity and justice,especially the allocation of first-class higher education resources.Therefore,this paper evaluates and analyzes the situation of first-class higher education in 31provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China from two aspects of resource input-output efficiency and equity,and provides decisions for changing the imbalance of current allocation.This paper takes the enrollment quota as the entry point,selects the proportion of national financial education funds,educational infrastructure investment and corresponding indicators in GDP as input indicators,selects the enrollment number,enrollment opportunity per 10,000 people,enrollment opportunity index and enrollment localization degree as output indicators.This paper uses the data envelopment analysis method to analyze the input-output efficiency and equity of educational resources in our country’s first-class universities("985" project,"211" project)from 2017 to 2020.The research mainly includes three aspects:(1)Using the DEA ranking model based on virtual unit and the DEA model based on Gini coefficient and cross efficiency to measure the input-output efficiency of first-class higher education resources in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China.(2)Using the 3σ criterion and the Gini coefficient international warning standard respectively,the paper classifies and evaluates the equity of the allocation of first-class higher education resources in 31 provinces of China.(3)Based on the analysis results of efficiency and equity,suggestions are made on resource allocation of our country’s first-class higher education,considering efficiency and equity as the criterion,and relevant countermeas ures are given.The research results show that among the 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China,Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin and other places have superior conditions,abundant input resources,and enjoy significantly more first-class higher education resources.On the other hand,regions with relatively backward development such as Guizhou and Yunnan have fewer input resources and enjoy significantly fewer first-class higher education resources,while the input and output efficiency in the central and eastern regions are almost at the average level.Therefore,this paper quantitatively measures the inequity in the allocation of first-class higher education resources in China,and it is found that there are indeed significant differences in the first-class higher education resources enjoyed by different provinces(cities and autonomous regions).In practice,this paper not only provides an efficient and equal calculation method for the allocation of first-class higher education resources in China but also provides a decision-making basis and policy suggestions.In theory,the intro duction of the 3σ criterion can make a more detailed classification and evaluation of educational equity.