Research On The Allocation Efficiency Of Primary And Secondary Education Resources And Its Influencing Factors At County Level In China

Education is the foundation of the rise of the state.The development of education cause has a great influence on Chinese political,economic,cultural and other aspects.As the cornerstone of national education,primary and secondary school education is self-evident to its importance.Over the years,while the Chinese education enterprise has achieved the substantial achievements,there also exist the problems of unreasonable allocation of resources and low utilization rate,which have a great influence on the development of the whole education enterprise.It is significant for the sustainable healthy development of our country’s primary and secondary education cause to explore how to improve the efficiency of their allocation and make full and rational use of limited educational resources.Taking 1,862 districts and counties from 29 provinces and cities from 2016 to 2020 as samples,this paper constructs an input-output index system,measures and dynamically analyzes the allocation efficiency of China’s primary and secondary school education resources at county level by constructing the DEA super-efficiency SBM model and the Malmquist index model.After that,this paper conducts spatial correlation test on the calculated efficiency value.Considering the factors influencing the allocation efficiency of educational resources in teaching,finance and regional development,this paper constructs a Dynamic Spatial Dubin Model to analyze the effects of various factors on the efficiency allocation of educational resources in county primary and secondary schools from the perspective of spatial econometrics.The results show that:(1)On average,the allocation efficiency of primary and secondary education resources in counties is at a low level,and there is a large gap between counties in the allocation efficiency of primary and secondary education resources.(2)The total factor productivity of primary and secondary education in provinces,cities and counties has increased on average,and the change of technical efficiency of resource allocation is a major factor affecting the change of total factor productivity.(3)There is a positive spatial correlation and time dependence on the allocation efficiency of primary and secondary school educational resources.According to the effect decomposition results of the Dynamic Spatial Dubin Model,five variables,namely the ratio of students to teachers,the urbanization rate,the proportion of budget revenue in GDP,the industrial structure and the proportion of education expenditure in budget expenditure,all have promoting effects on the allocation efficiency of primary school educational resources.The urbanization level and advanced industrial development of the surrounding districts and counties will improve the allocation efficiency of primary and secondary school education resources,while the increase of the proportion of budget revenue in GDP and the proportion of education expenditure in budget expenditure will reduce the allocation efficiency of primary and secondary school education resources.In terms of the overall effect,the student-teacher ratio,urbanization rate,the proportion of budget revenue in GDP and industrial structure have significant positive effects on the allocation efficiency of educational resources in county primary and secondary schools.The total effect of the proportion of education expenditure in budget expenditure on the allocation efficiency of educational resources in primary and secondary schools is significantly negative.(4)The effects of various factors on the allocation efficiency of primary and secondary educational resources vary according to the type,scale and location of districts and counties,but in general,the results of heterogeneity test can support the research conclusions.