Research On The Dilemma And Countermeasures Of The Implementation Of The Universal Three Child Policy In Dalian City

For any country in the world,the population and fertility policy is an important decision involving national development.At the beginning of the 1980s,China implemented the "one-child" policy based on its national conditions and the population situation at that time.However,the population situation has undergone tremendous changes,and China’s fertility policy has begun to gradually adjust.In China,the population fertility policy has gone through the process from controlling the number of children to gradually liberalizing the number of children,from the one-child policy to the "comprehensive three child" policy.The process of policy change follows the changing population situation in China.The population situation in China has always been characterized by a large overall base and rapid growth.However,according to the results of the Seventh National Population Census,the population situation in China has undergone great changes.The current population situation in China is facing severe problems such as low fertility,accelerated aging process,and unreasonable population proportion,which is also the fundamental reason why China’s population fertility policy has gradually changed.On May 31,2021,the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting,which pointed out that further optimizing the fertility policy,implementing the policy that a couple can have three children and taking supporting measures are conducive to improving China’s population structure,implementing the national strategy of actively coping with population aging,and maintaining China’s human resource endowment advantages.However,at present,the implementation of the"comprehensive three child" policy faces many difficulties and obstacles.How to analyze,recognize and solve these obstacles is an important part of the continuous implementation of the "comprehensive three child" policy,and also provides implementation ideas for the introduction of other population fertility policies in the future.This paper uses the public choice theory,the child’s cost utility theory and the process model of policy implementation,and takes the implementation of the"comprehensive three child" policy in Dalian as the research object.It adopts the methods of questionnaire,interview,etc.to investigate and study the implementation of the "comprehensive three child" policy in Dalian.This paper is mainly divided into six parts:First,according to the implementation difficulties and countermeasures of Dalian’s "Three Children in All" policy,it systematically expounds its research background,research significance,research methods and research characteristics of this paper,and reviews the research results of domestic and foreign experts and scholars on population policy issues.The second is to sort out the relevant concepts and theories used,explain the concepts of population policy,fertility policy and "comprehensive three child" policy,and systematically elaborate the three theories used in this paper:public choice theory,cost utility theory of children,and process model of policy implementation.The third is to study the implementation status of the "comprehensive three child" policy in Dalian,mainly through questionnaires and field interviews to obtain data,and draw some conclusions through statistical analysis of the data obtained,providing data support for the analysis of the fourth and fifth parts.The fourth is to analyze the difficulties and causes of the implementation of the "comprehensive three child" policy in Dalian.The difficulties mainly include high parenting costs,problems faced by women in childbearing,insufficient supply of basic public services and inadequate family planning.The reasons for these difficulties are analyzed in detail,mainly including the lack of economic support policies to encourage childbearing,insufficient protection of women’s rights and interests The supporting measures for public services are not perfect and the new ideas.for family planning have not formed four aspects.Fifthly,according to the specific conditions of Dalian,the rights and interests of women of childbearing age should be guaranteed from reducing the cost of childbearing;Improve the level of family planning work and open up new ideas for family planning work;We will improve supporting measures and optimize the policy environment to explore how Dalian can successfully implement the policy of "three children in an all-round way",and put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.Finally,the above contents are summarized and prospected,the research contents of this paper are summarized and the deficiencies in the research are proposed,and the future research in this area is expected to be more in-depth.To sum up,this paper conducts a specific study on the difficulties faced by Dalian in implementing the "three child" policy and the corresponding countermeasures against the "three child" policy issued by China,which will provide some reference for the implementation of the population fertility policy in China later.