A Study On The Second Child-bearing Intention Of Right-age Women Under The Comprehensive Two-child Policy

On January 1,2016,the comprehensive two-child policy was officially implemented in the whole country.According to the expectation at that time,in2016,the average annual birth population in China should be around 20 million in 2019.However,according to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China,the number of births in 2016 was17.86 million,there were 17.23 million in 2017,15.23 million in 2018 and 14.65 million in 2019.The decreasing number of the birth population year by year has sounded the alarm for the more serious aging situation in our country.After the implementation of the "all-round two-child" policy,what is the current situation of the second-child fertility desire of right-age women,what is the impact on their second-child fertility desire,what are the issues they consider when making their reproductive decisions,and how to promote their response to the second-child policy,therefore,it is of great value and significance to ease the aging process in China and become the focus and hot-spot of public management and public policy research.Taking the high-tech zone of Shijiazhuang as an example,this paper adopts the method of questionnaire survey,randomly selects some women(20-39 years old)of right age in this area as the research object,carries on the questionnaire survey of fertility desire,and collects the basic data,SPSS16.0 was used to deal with and analysis,using cross-analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis to analyze the significance of the influencing factors.Thus,to study the currentsituation and the influencing factors of the second child bearing intention of right-age women under the comprehensive two-child policy,and to find out the main influencing factors of the second child bearing intention through case interviews,with a view to putting forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions,contribute to the mitigation of aging.This paper is divided into six parts: the first part is the introduction,the main content is the research background,literature review,and so on;The second part is the related concept and the Theory Foundation,carries on the definition to the core concept in the article,carries on the introduction to the application theory;The third part is the research design part,the main content is the construction of the variable system of the fertility desire,the design of the questionnaire and the design of the outline of the case interview;the fourth part is the data analysis of the questionnaire and the interview materials,mainly is carries on the analysis to the questionnaire data which collects and the interview material,so as to describe the current situation of childbearing intention of right-age women,analyze its influencing factors by chi-square test and multi-factor regression method,and deeply analyze the influencing factors,so as to excavate the deep-seated reasons that restrict their childbearing intention,the results of questionnaire and interview were summarized,and the fertility desire,fertility behavior and important influencing factors of right-age women in this area were obtained,and the reasons of high birth rate were analyzed;The fifth part is based on the previous research conclusion,analyzes the practicaldifficulties that right-age women encounter when they face the decision of having a second child;the sixth part is based on the survey results,combining the advanced experience at home and abroad and the reality of our country,put forward the countermeasure and suggestion of raising female second child bearing intention.Through the investigation discovery: 1.The ideal number of children is2(65.2%),the ideal sex structure is one son and one daughter(50.1%),the average ideal number of children is 1.70,and the ideal spacing of children is3years(34.97%);The purpose of giving birth to children was mainly "for the harmony of the family"(51.0%),followed by the traditional concept of "many children,many blessings,raising children for old age and carrying on the family line"(23.8%)and the preference for children(17.2%).2.The reasons were subjective and emotional,such as "two children are not alone"(49.6%)and "want to have both children"(25.5%)The main reasons for not having a second child are the excessive economic and time costs of raising a child.3.The only-child attribute,the concept of raising a child for old age and the cost of raising a child are the main influencing factors of the two-child bearing intention,the main problems that restrict the desire to have a second child are the problem of Child Care,the Unsound Job Security for women,and the high cost of raising children.Based on the analysis of the existing policies and their implementation,and the reference to the advanced experience at home and abroad,the author believes that to protect women's Employment Rights;make special welfarepolicies for two children;and To promote the sharing of child-rearing responsibilities between women and men,and so on.These measures can increase their willingness to have a second child.