Practice Research On Cultivating Junior High School Students’ Model Building Ability Based On Original Physics Problems

With the release of the physics curriculum standards for compulsory education,the core competencies of physics education have officially entered the requirements for cultivating junior high school students,which include four dimensions: physics concepts,scientific thinking,scientific exploration,and scientific attitudes and responsibilities.Scientific thinking is particularly important in the study of junior high school physics,and the cultivation of modeling ability is the key to developing scientific thinking.Original physics problems describe physical phenomena,and solving problems based on original physics is an effective way to cultivate students’ modeling ability,and is expected to achieve the goal of cultivating scientific thinking in the core competencies of physics education.In addition,the evaluation methods for junior high school physics learning are also undergoing changes.In recent years,many middle school entrance exam questions have been in the form of solving original physics problems to test students’ modeling abilities.Therefore,this study based on original physics problems in situational teaching,seeks to find a way to cultivate students’ modeling ability.In this article,the importance and research significance of modeling ability cultivation are discussed from three aspects: national documents,reform requirements,and current conflicts.Then,using bibliometric tools,a literature review of research on original physics problems and modeling ability is conducted.The results show that the research trend is gradually shifting from qualitative research to quantitative research,mainly focused on practical research,but the research object is mainly concentrated in high school,and there is relatively little research in junior high school.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct relevant quantitative research at the junior high school level.This article uses a quasi-experimental design method to conduct research and analyzes the data using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods.Next,the core concepts are defined,and the relevant theoretical basis is sorted out.Then,the research materials are designed,and to fit the learning situation,an evaluation tool that uses original physics problems to assess modeling ability is developed.The evaluation tool mainly looks at students’ modeling abilities from three aspects,and its reliability and validity are good.Then,the teaching practice is described,showing how to effectively control the experimental independent variables in the quasi-experimental research design,and displaying the flowchart and classroom recordings of teaching using different types of original physics problems.The scores of abstract representation,assignment representation,and image representation reflect the level of students’ modeling ability.This study examines the effectiveness of the teaching practice of this semester from these three dimensions,and analyzes the pre-and posttest papers of students using statistical analysis software.The scores of each representation in the process of solving original physics problems in two classes are statistically analyzed,and the following results are obtained:(1)The experimental class has higher scores in abstract representation,assignment representation,and image representation than the control class;(2)The experimental class’ s improvement in abstract representation and assignment representation is greater than that of image representation;(3)The teaching intervention effect on the highand medium-scoring groups in the experimental class is more significant than that of the lowscoring group.The above results show that:(1)Through teaching that integrates original physics problems,students’ modeling ability has been improved to a certain extent;(2)Image representation is more difficult to improve than abstract representation and assignment representation;(3)Original physics problems are more effective for high-achieving students,and can help improve their thinking ability and the learning interest of potential high-achievers.Finally,teaching strategies are proposed based on the research status.In summary,this study has enriched the ways to cultivate modeling ability in junior high school physics education using the rich educational value of original physics problems.