Research On The Impact Of Manufacturing Servitization On Employment In China

Manufacturing industry is an important industry in China’s economic development and the lifeblood of the national economy.Employment is related to people’s livelihoods and has always been a key concern in China.As a populous country,solving the employment problem in China is urgent.Therefore,it is necessary to accelerate the pace of promoting the upgrading of the manufacturing industry,expanding the production scale of enterprises,and enhancing the absorption capacity of manufacturing enterprises for labor.As an important channel for upgrading the manufacturing industry,the service-oriented manufacturing industry is of great significance in alleviating employment conflicts and optimizing the employment structure by studying the impact of service-oriented manufacturing on employment.This article selects China’s manufacturing industry as the research object,and uses an input-output model to decompose the service sources of China’s manufacturing industry from 2002 to 2020.It calculates the level of domestic factor service and foreign factor service,and constructs a regression model to test the relationship between manufacturing industry service and employment.The results showed that: firstly,from 2002 to 2020,the service level of China’s manufacturing industry showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,with domestic factor service level higher than foreign factor service level.From an industry perspective,the service-oriented level of high-tech manufacturing is higher than that of low-tech manufacturing.From a regional perspective,the service level of manufacturing industry in the northern coastal area is the highest,followed by the eastern coastal area,while the service level in the northeast and northwest regions is the lowest.Secondly,the total employment in China’s manufacturing industry shows a trend of first increasing and then rapidly decreasing.Low skilled personnel account for the vast majority of manufacturing employment,while high skilled personnel account for a relatively low but increasing proportion of employment year by year.In terms of industries,the number of highly skilled personnel in high-tech manufacturing is greater than that in low-tech manufacturing.The number of low-skilled personnel in low-tech manufacturing is greater than that in high-tech manufacturing.From a regional perspective,the employment numbers in the eastern and southern coastal areas are higher than those in other regions.Thirdly,from the empirical test results,it can be seen that domestic factor service promotes employment,while foreign factor service inhibits employment.In terms of industry testing,the impact of domestic and foreign factor service-oriented high-tech manufacturing on employment is greater than that of low-tech manufacturing.In terms of regional testing,the service oriented domestic factors in the eastern coastal areas have the strongest effect on promoting employment.The inhibitory effect of foreign factor service employment in the northwest region is the strongest.In terms of service heterogeneity testing,domestic production services and lifestyle services promote employment,while domestic public services suppress employment.Foreign productive services have the greatest inhibitory effect on employment.Finally,propose countermeasures and suggestions for promoting employment in China based on the service-oriented manufacturing industry at the national,regional,and industry levels.