Research On The Impact Of Servitization Transformation Of Global Manufacturing On Women’s Employment

With the rapid development of economic globalization,the global division of labor has entered a new period dominated by the value chain division of labor.In order to improve the status of the division of labor in the value chain and obtain higher income from the division of labor,traditional manufacturing enterprises,mainly large multinational companies,have begun to extend to service links such as R&D design,marketing,and after-sales service.At the same time,the employment structure of the labor market has also changed.In recent years,with the arrival of a low fertility rate and an aging society,China’s demographic dividend has gradually disappeared.In order to promote the medium and long-term high-quality development of the country’s economy,it is necessary to cultivate new demographic dividends.Women bear the dual responsibility of social labor production and unpaid family labor,and the imbalance of gender employment ratio is more serious.In the labor market,the female employment share is likely to increase substantially.Therefore,it is the starting point and starting point of this dissertation whether to release some women from domestic labor,expand women’s employment space,and form a new demographic dividend to promote high-quality economic growth through the global manufacturing service transformation trend.The main research contents of this dissertation are as follows.Firstly,by sorting out and summarizing the literature on servitization of manufacturing and women’s employment,this dissertation combs the evaluation indicators of servitization of manufacturing.Secondly,through index calculation,this comb makes a descriptive statistical analysis on the servitization of manufacturing and female employment;Then,through the analysis of theoretical basis and economic logic,this dissertation explores the micro mechanism of the service-oriented transformation of global manufacturing industry affecting women’s employment;Finally,the empirical analysis is carried out by using the two-dimensional panel data of "country year" from 2000 to 2014 from the International Labour Organization,the world bank and the world input-output database.Through empirical analysis,the following conclusions are drawn: First,the servitization of manufacturing has a significant role in promoting female employment.The higher the level of servitization in the manufacturing industry,the greater the proportion of female employment,and the narrowing of the gender employment gap.Second,the promotion of servitization of manufacturing to women’s employment is achieved through the "total increase effect" and "sector shift effect".The "total increase effect" means that with the improvement of the service level of the manufacturing industry,some unpaid housewives have become the labor employment group;Services with comparative advantage.Third,human capital has a positive correlation with female employment.The higher the proportion of women in higher education,the higher the proportion of female employment.Fourth,further research found that financial,information and communication,rental and leasing,and administrative support services have a positive impact on women’s employment,while wholesale and retail,transportation and warehousing,and professional technology services have a negative impact on women’s employment.Based on the research conclusions of this dissertation,in order to improve the efficiency of labor resource allocation and tap the new demographic dividend to promote high-quality economic development,this dissertation puts forward the following policy recommendations:first,improve the level of service-oriented manufacturing and enhance employment absorption capacity;second,strengthen the quality of women Education to improve the level of women’s human capital;third,to develop the productive service industry and seize the development opportunities of the new industrial revolution;fourth,to improve the employment guarantee mechanism for women,and to shape the awareness of gender equality in society.