| Gross muscle motor development runs through the entire process of individual development,and has a positive impact on individual physical health and the cultivation of athletic ability.A good physical health level is the basis for children’s growth.The improvement of gross motor development level is a prerequisite for improving children’s physical health,and plays an important role in children’s active participation in various physical activities.Research purposes: To test the motor development and physical health of children aged 7 ～ 10 years old in Nanning City,analyze the gender and age characteristics of the two,and discuss the relationship between the two,so as to formulate the development of children’s large muscle development and physical health policy provides new reference evidence.Research methods: The third edition of the Gross Motor Development Test Scale(Test of Gross Motor Development-3)and the "National Physical Fitness Standard Manual"(primary school part)were selected as the test tools,and the method of stratified random sampling was used;832 children aged 7 ～ 10 were selected from 4 primary schools as the test objects,and the K-S distribution fitness test was used to test the normality of the test data.Use descriptive statistics to analyze the general characteristics of children’s gross motor development and physical health;use independent sample T test and one-way ANOVA to compare and analyze the gender and age differences in children’s gross motor development and physical health development levels;The relationship between gross motor development and physical fitness was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Research results:(1)The movement proficiency level of displacement skills is generally higher than that of object manipulation skills,and the proficiency levels of different movement skills are not balanced.The gross motor development and object manipulation skills of boys(69.15±9.51,36.07±6.09)were better than those of girls(63.58±9.69,30.87±6.57),the difference was very significant(P<0.01);the total score of mobility skills of boys(33.09±4.94)was better than that of girls(30.72±45.04),with no significant difference(P>0.05).There was a very significant difference in the development of gross motor movements between different ages(P<0.01),and showed a trend of increasing scores with age.(2)The physical health of children aged 7～10was in a good grade(84.98±12.36),but the development was uneven.The vital capacity and 50-meter running boys(1594.99±415.24,10.53±1.29)were better than girls(1456.24±369.19,10.74±1.12),the difference was very significant(P<0.01);The total score of physical fitness,BMI,sitting forward flexion,one-minute rope skipping for girls(86.43±10.65,15.46±2.29,11.56±5.34,119.46±35.41)was better than that for boys(83.69±13.58,16.49±3.06,5.82±4.86,112.81±39.34),the difference was very significant(P<0.01).BMI and vital capacity showed a rising trend with age,one-minute rope skipping showed a fluctuating upward trend with age,and sitting forward flexion and physical health total score showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with age.(3)Gross motor development,displacement skills,and object manipulation skills were significantly correlated with BMI,vital capacity,50-meter run,and one-minute skipping rope(P<0.01).There was a very significant correlation between sitting forward flexion and displacement skills(P<0.01),but there was no significant correlation between it and the development of object control skills and gross muscle movements(p>0.05).The gross motor development,displacement skills and object manipulation skills of boys and girls were significantly correlated with vital capacity,50-meter running,one-minute skipping rope,and sitting forward flexion(P<0.01).Except that there was no significant correlation between object manipulation skills and BMI in girls(r=0.07,p>0.05),the development of gross motor movements,displacement skills and object manipulation skills were significantly correlated with BMI in boys and girls(P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between the development of gross motor movements,movement skills,and object manipulation skills with BMI and sitting forward flexion in children in each age group(P>0.05),but was significantly correlated with 50-meter running(P<0.05).(4)The displacement skills and object manipulation skills of 7-10-year-old children can significantly predict their BMI,vital capacity,50-meter running,and one-minute skipping performance(P<0.05),and the explanation rates are 3.7%,14.5%,31.2%,and 8.6%,respectively.Specifically,for each unit change in displacement skills and object manipulation skills,BMI changes by 0.039 and 0.172 standard deviations respectively,vital capacity changes by 0.199 and 0.254 standard deviations respectively,and 50-meter running changes by 0.351 and 0.353 standard deviations respectively,respectively,one-minute skipping changes by 0.253 and 0.083 standard deviations respectively.Research conclusions:(1)The development of gross motor movements of children aged 7～10 years in Nanning showed a gradual upward trend with age,and there were significant differences in the development of gross motor movements between ages;gender differences only existed in gross motor scores and object manipulation skill.(2)There are gender differences in the physical health total score of children aged 7-10 years in Nanning;the physical health total score and sitting forward flexion show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with age;BMI,vital capacity,and 50-meter running increase with age;the one-minute jump rope generally shows a trend of rising first,then falling,and then rising and fluctuating.(3)There was a significant correlation between the development of gross motor movements and BMI,vital capacity,50-meter running,and one-minute skipping rope among children aged 7-10 years in Nanning City,but not with sitting forward flexion;gross motor development had a predictive effect on 50-meter running and one-minute rope skipping,but had no significant predictive effect on BMI and vital capacity. |
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