| Objetives: To explore the influences of Taekwondo on the gross motor development in school-age children.Methods: 108 first and second grade school-age children at Beicheng Primary School and Xinmu Primary School in Dingxing County,Baoding City,Hebei Province were selected as the research objects.Taekwondo poomsae was used as an intervention method for 8 weeks of training,which included 5 times a week,each time for 45 minutes.The Great Muscle Movement Development Test Scale(TGMD-2)was adopted to evaluate the difference before and after sports intervention.12 categories were tested,of which including moving skills: running,standing jump,one-leg jump,striding jump,continuous front sliding,continuous side sliding;operating skills: shoulder pitching,throwing,kicking,dribbling,catching,and hitting the ball.At the same time,the rank sum test was used to compare the differences among various items,gender and age before and after exercise intervention.Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relation between height,weight,body mass index and the development of gross motor.Results:(1)The total score of gross motor(P < 0.05)was significantly increased compared with that of no intervention;the mobile skill score was largely increased(P <0.05);the object manipulation skills was also increased(P < 0.05);from the perspective of improvement degree,mobile skills such as running,standing long jump,one-leg jump and striding jump show significant difference(P < 0.01),continuous forward sliding and continuous side sliding also exhibit large difference(P < 0.05);the object operation skills:shoulder throwing,kicking,hitting and dribbling in place(P < 0.01)show obvious difference as well.The difference between ground ball and catching ball(P < 0.05)is also prominent.(2)There was no significant difference in gender on the development of gross motor in school-age children before and after Taekwondo poomsae intervention(P > 0.05).(3)Taekwondo poomsae can significantly promote the development of gross motor scores,mobile skill scores and object manipulation skill scores for ages from 7 to 9 years(P <0.05),and can significantly reduce the difference among different age groups toward scores of mobile skills(P > 0.05).(4)The score of gross motor development beforeexercise intervention was moderately correlated with height(r = 0.365 > 0.3,P < 0.01);low correlated with weight(r = 0.241 < 0.3,P < 0.05);the score of mobile skills were moderately correlated with height(r = 0.338 > 0.3,P < 0.01);lowly correlated with weight(r = 0.224 < 0.3,P < 0.05);object manipulation skills were low correlated with height(r =0.281 < 0.3,P < 0.05);low correlation with weight(r = 0.284 < 0.3,P < 0.05).Partial correlation analysis shows that: excluding the influence of age,there is no correlation between the scores of the gross motor development,the scores of movement skills,the scores of object manipulation skills and height or weight either before or after intervention(P > 0.05).There was no relationship between the body mass index and the gross motor development before and after exercise intervention(P > 0.05).Conclusions:(1)Taekwondo poomsae training can effectively promote the development of gross motor in school-age children,including running,standing long jump,one-leg jump,striding jump,shoulder throwing,kicking,hitting the ball and dribbling in place.There are significant differences among these eight projects.There are significant differences in the four projects including continuous front sliding step,continuous side sliding step,ground ball and catching.(2)The development of large muscle movements in children may not be significantly different at school age.(3)Taekwondo poomsae training can promote the development of gross motor among all ages from 7~9 years old,and reduce the difference of scores in mobile skills among different ages.(4)Taekwondo poomsae training can reduce the differences in the development of gross motor caused by variations in physical characteristics of school-age children. |
PDF Full Text Request