The Effects Of Fundamental Movement Skills On Physical Health In 10～12 Year Old Children

Children’s physical health is the core goal of school physical education curriculum,but also the specific requirements of the implementation of the guiding ideology of "health first",but also the objective embodiment of the national will,but recent national students physical health research results are not optimistic.The fundamental motor skills are recognized as an important mechanism affecting children’s physical health development and play an important role in improving their physical health.Physical perception,as the main underlying variable between the two,may mediate the relationship between the two,and these associations may strengthen over time.Therefore,the construction of structural model affecting children’s physical health can provide reasonable suggestions for their physical health promotion.Objective: To investigate the current status of indicators related to fundamental motor skills,physical health,physical perception and parental support in children aged 10 to 12 years old,explore the mediating role of physical perception and family support in the pathway of fundamental motor skills’ influence on physical health,and establish the pathway model of fundamental motor skills’ influence on physical health,in order to provide help for children’s physical health development.Research methods: Cluster sampling method was adopted to randomly select 305 students from Grade four to grade six in a primary school in Nanning City to participate in the study.Their fundamental motor skills were measured using the Gross Motor Development Test(TGMD-3),their physical health level was measured by the National Physical Health Standards for Students(2014 Revision),and their physical perception ability was measured by the Graphic Perceptual Motor Skill Ability Scale(TGMD-PMSC-3).Independent sample T test was used to compare the sex difference among variables,and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the age difference among variables.After controlling for confounding variables such as gender and age,partial correlation was used to analyze the correlation among fundamental motor skills,physical health and physical perception.The structural equation model was constructed using Mplus8.0,and the constructed model was evaluated and revised.The mediating effect of physical perception was tested under good model fitting conditions,and the moderating effect of age was tested using process plug-in.(1)There were significant gender differences in operant motor skills,vital capacity,50-meter running,seated forward bending and physical perception among children aged 10 to 12years(P < 0.05),and there were also significant age differences in mobility motor skills,operant motor skills,50-meter running,one-minute sit-ups and physical perception among children aged10 to 12 years(p < 0.01).(2)There was a significant correlation between fundamental motor skills and physical health in children aged 10 to 12(r=0.275,p < 0.01),which was more closely related to 50-meter running,sitting forward bending,one-minute skipping and one-minute sit-ups.There was also a significant correlation between basic motor skills,physical health and physical perception(r=0.287,r=0.302,P < 0.01).(3)Fundamental motor skills could significantly positively predict physical health(β=0.291,P < 0.01)and physical perception(β=301,P < 0.01),and physical perception could also significantly positively predict physical health(β=0.208,P < 0.05).The mediating effect test was conducted under the condition of good model fitting,and it was found that physical perception played a mediating role in the influence path of fundamentalmotor skills on physical health,that is,there was a mediating path of "fundamental motor skills → physical perception → physical health".The direct effect of fundamental motor skills on physical health was 0.291,accounting for 82.44% of the total effect,and the mediating effect of physical perception was 0.062,accounting for 17.56% of the total effect.(4)Age can regulate the second half of the direct path and the indirect path of the physical perception mediation model,but cannot affect the first half of the indirect path.Fundamental motor skills could significantly predict physical health in children of lower age(β=0.486,t=5.282,P < 0.01,95%CI[0.305,-0.667]),not in children of higher age.However,physical perception was not a significant predictor of physical health in children of lower age,while physical perception was a significant predictor of physical health in children of higher age(β=0.603,,t=4.237,P < 0.01,95%CI[0.323,0.883]).Research conclusion:(1)There is a positive correlation between fundamental motor skills,physical health and physical perception in children aged 10 to 12.Fundamental motor skills can positively predict physical health and physical perception,and physical perception can also positively predict physical health.(2)The mediation model of physical perception reveals the mechanism of fundamental motor skills affecting physical health to a certain extent,suggesting that fundamental motor skills can not only directly affect children’s physical health,but also indirectly through physicalResearch results:perception.(3)Age can affect the second half of the direct pathway and the indirect pathway,but not the first half of the indirect pathway.