The Mechanism Of Tourism Industry Development On Residents’ Happiness:From Economic Well-being To Social Well-being

Seeking happiness is not only the pursuit of individual residents but also the common goal of the whole society.As the "top of the five happiness industries",the tourism industry leads the development of social happiness both spiritually and materially.The happiness-enhancing effect of the tourism industry is mainly reflected in two aspects: economic benefit and social benefit.Premier Li Keqiang proposed to attach importance to the important role of the tourism industry in stimulating consumption in China’s economic and social development,and affirmed the economic benefits brought by the development of the tourism industry in terms of large labor demand,strong correlation,and high return on investment.At the same time,the development of the tourism industry produces social benefits in terms of narrowing the income gap and improving infrastructure,which can promote the happiness of residents.However,too much emphasis on the economic benefits of the development of the tourism industry will produce a series of social problems;social problems such as environmental damage,forced shopping,and vicious price hikes arising from the development of the tourism industry already exist,which have a serious negative impact on residents’ well-being.When the negative impact of social problems in the development of the tourism industry exceeds the positive impact of economic benefits,the happiness-enhancing effect of the tourism industry will decrease significantly,and the tourism "happiness paradox" will appear.Therefore,this study conducted a verification analysis on the long-term relationship between tourism industry development and residents’ well-being.Carry out the research according to the idea of "problem formulation-concept definition and literature review-theoretical basis and research hypothesis-research design-empirical result analysis-research conclusion and research suggestion" : First,systematically expound the research background and research significance,and clarify the research method at the same time,put forward research innovation,and clarify the research framework;second,define the important concepts of well-being and tourism industry,and sort out the measurement of well-being,the influencing factors of well-being,and related literature on tourism and well-being;The main theoretical basis of the study includes income determinism,relative deprivation theory and adaptive level theory,and puts forward six research hypotheses;Theoretical model;Fifth,on the basis of descriptive statistics,carry out regression analysis and hypothesis testing;Sixth,combine the previous test results to summarize the research conclusions,and put forward research suggestions and research limitations.This study mainly analyzes the relationship between tourism industry development,residents’ income gap,and residents’ happiness.Based on the survey data of the China General Social Survey(CGSS)in 2010,2011,2012,2013,2015,and 2017,firstly to test whether the "happiness paradox" exists in the Chinese context,and use ordered Logit regression to analyze the relationship between the tourism industry and residents’ happiness The relationship between residents’ income gap and residents’ well-being;then choose the Ordered Probit model and the substitution variable method to test the robustness.Then,the intermediary variable of residents’ income gap is discussed,and Wen Zhonglin’s intermediary test method is used to examine whether the development of the tourism industry can reduce the income gap and then have a positive effect on residents happiness.This study further explores the impact of individual identity differences composed of gender,household registration,and position class on the relationship between tourism industry development,residents’ income gap,and residents’ well-being;at the same time,the moderated mediating effect is tested by the Bootstrap method.The research results show that:(1)the development of my country’s tourism industry will hurt residents’ happiness;(2)there is a significant masking effect on residents’ income gap,and the development of the tourism industry has a positive impact on residents’ happiness by reducing the residents’ income gap;(3)Individual identity differences can significantly moderate the mediating role of residents’ income gaps between tourism industry development and residents’ well-being: First,household registration can significantly moderate the masking effect of residents’ income gaps.Farmer household registration group;secondly,gender can significantly moderate the masking effect of the income gap of residents,in the female group,the masking effect of the income gap is significantly smaller than that of the male group;finally,the position class can significantly moderate the masking effect of the income gap,and in the manual labor In the group of workers,the masking effect of the income gap of residents is significantly smaller than that of the group of non-manual workers.Based on the research conclusions,this study puts forward the following suggestions:(1)Weigh the economic and social benefits of tourism industry development,and pay attention to the comprehensive impact of tourism industry development on residents’ happiness;(2)The important role of tourism industry development in improving residents’ happiness by reducing residents’ income gap cannot be ignored;(3)Improving the unequal division of social and economic resources by individual identity differences.