Research On The Impact Of Digital Economy On Employment

The development of digital economy is one of the topics that governments and scholars all over the world pay close attention to.Digital economy is not only an important driving force for economic development,but also plays an important role in cultivating new employment,upgrading employment structure and improving employment quality.How the development of the digital economy affects employment is one of the issues of wide concern in the academic circle,which is different from the technological progress concentrated in a certain field in the agricultural economy or the industrial economy,the general and revolutionary characteristics of the digital economy and the wide range of its economic impact make the mechanism and path of the impact of the digital economy on employment more complex.Therefore,it is of great significance to define the connotation of digital economy from a comprehensive dimension and to study the impact mechanism of digital economy on total employment and employment structure.First of all,in the theoretical level,the impact of the digital economy on the employment of the relevant literature comb analysis,on this basis to define the meaning of the digital economy and employment,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of digital economy development on employment quantity and employment structure.On the impact of digital economy on employment,there are mainly the effects of skill upgrading,technological change and labor market efficiency upgrading.On the impact of the digital economy on the employment structure,there are mainly skills upgrading effect and industrial structure optimization effect.Secondly,it analyzes the status quo of digital economy and employment from three aspects: the status quo of employment quantity,the status quo of employment structure and the status quo of digital economy development.In the present situation of employment,it mainly analyzes the total employment,regional distribution and gender difference;in the present situation of employment structure,it mainly analyzes the present situation of industrial structure and regional difference of employment;in the present situation of digital economy,this paper constructs a comprehensive index system of digital economy by using the entropy weight method,measures the development level of digital economy by comprehensive index of Digital Economy,and analyzes the present situation of regional distribution and inter-provincial distribution.Thirdly,at the empirical level,the panel data of 30 provinces(cities and autonomous regions)in our country from 2011 to 2020 are used to empirically test the impact of digital economy development on employment volume and employment structure,the heterogeneity was tested by sex and north-south region.The results show that:(1)the development of digital economy contributes to the increase of total employment,the total promotion effect of digital economy is greater than the substitution effect,and the promotion effect of digital economy on male employment is higher than that of female employment.(2)the impact of digital economy on total employment is regional heterogeneity,and the promotion effect of digital economy development on employment level in the north is significantly higher than that in the south,moreover,the effect of digital economy on the heterogeneity of male employment is higher than that of female employment.(3)the digital economy promotes the optimization and upgrading of the employment structure,and the impact of the digital economy on the employment structure has regional differences.The optimization effect of the digital economy development in the northern region is more obvious than that in the southern region.(4)the replacement variable method and principal component analysis are used to re-measure the comprehensive index of Digital Economy.After re-testing the data,the same results as the benchmark regression can be obtained,indicating that the conclusion is robust.After using instrumental variable method to overcome the endogeneity problem,this paper tests the influence of digital economy development on employment quantity and employment structure,and gets the same result as the benchmark regression,which shows that the result is still robust.Finally,based on the theoretical analysis,the status quo analysis and empirical analysis of the study,the paper gives some suggestions:(1)speed up the construction of digital economy,enhance the depth and breadth of the development of digital economy.(2)implement the strategy of digital economy differentiation to narrow the regional gap.(3)pay attention to the growth of female employment and narrow the gender employment gap.