The global economic situation is grim,economic growth lacks momentum,and risks and uncertainties in the international environment are on the rise.In the face of many challenges of international economic development,our country has constructed a new development pattern with domestic recycling as the main part.Our economy has strong resilience,great potential and vitality.By expanding domestic demand,we can promote consumption in an all-round way and speed up consumption improvement and upgrading.Final consumption is an inexhaustible driving force and an important pillar of economic development.Residents are the main body of consumption.In recent years,great changes have taken place in the population structure of our country.Our country has entered the moderately aging society.In order to promote economic growth,this paper analyzes the influence of population structure on residents’ consumption,in order to formulate population and economic policies,improve residents’ consumption level and expand domestic demand.First,this paper uses the urban and rural population data and per capita consumption data from 2002-2020.Based on the concept of standard consumer,it calculates the per capita consumption expenditure of young children,working-age people and elderly people.Secondly,the fixed effect model is used to analyze the influence of population gender structure,population age structure,population education structure and population employment structure on the consumption level of children,working-age people and the elderly.Different standard errors that can handle the three major issues of panel data are used for analysis,and the heterogeneity of the three issues is divided into regions.In order to ensure the reliability of the analysis results,The core explained variable was replaced and the robustness test was conducted.Finally,this paper uses the data of China Household Tracking Survey(CFPS)in 2018 to analyze the influence of population structure on residents’ consumption structure by using robust OLS estimation and quantile regression model,starting from the three dimensions of family population gender,age and education.Based on the empirical analysis,the following conclusions are drawn.First,the increase of the sex ratio of the population in our country inhibits the consumption expenditure of children and working-age people,but does not inhibit the consumption expenditure of the elderly,which has good robustness and great regional differences.Second,in the age structure of our country’s population,the increase of the ratio of children to children has obviously suppressed the consumption expenditure of children,labor age people and elderly people.The effect is most obvious in the western region;The increase of the old-age dependency ratio has promoted the consumption expenditure of children,working-age people and the elderly,and the influence is more significant in the central and western regions.Thirdly,the improvement of the education level of the Chinese population has significantly promoted the consumption expenditure of the population in different age groups,among which the promotion effect is the largest for children and the elderly is less.Fourth,the increase in the number of employment in the secondary and tertiary industries significantly promoted the consumption of residents of different ages,and had a greater impact on working-age people and the elderly,but there were regional differences.Fifth,the increase in the number of men in the family will inhibit residents’ subsistence consumption,development and enjoyment consumption,and the lower the consumption expenditure,the greater the impact on the family;The increase of the children population in the family promotes the subsistence and developmental consumption,while the increase of the elderly population in the family inhibits the subsistence and developmental consumption.The improvement of family education significantly promoted the residents’ subsistence and enjoyment consumption. |