| Innovation drives development,likewise,talent drives innovation.In the new era of innovation-driven development strategy being fully implemented,high-level talents,as the primary resource of scientific and technological innovation,are important force to promote the high-quality economic development and stand out from international competition.Orderly flow of high-level talents makes crucial contribution to optimal allocation of human resources and diffusion of scientific and technological achievement transformation,which is of great significance to continuous innovation,economic and social progress.In the context of the Strategy on Developing a Quality Workforce and the Strategy for Invigorating China through Science and Education,researches based on identifying high-level talents,hence refining and exploring the characteristics of their growth have aroused the concern of academia.Basic research is the source of technological innovation.As one of the main channels for the state to support basic research,the National Natural Science Foundation of China shoulders the mission of supporting and promoting the high-quality development of it.Among them,the scientific and technological talents selected and trained by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars have become the important force of basic research.Based on the above-mentioned reality,this study took domestic and foreign related theoretical research results of talent mobility as a guide,selected 510 winners of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Department of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from 1994 to 2015 as research samples,which carried out a multi-dimensional analysis of the occupational mobility of high-level talents from the two dimensions of occupational mobility group attributes and occupational mobility process characteristics,to reveal and summarize the occupational mobility characteristics of them.In the research on the characteristics of occupational mobility groups,it was found that the mobility frequency of occupational mobility groups is negatively correlated with the age of funding and the growth cycle of talents;occupational mobility groups have significant gender differences,and the mobility of female fund recipients is lower than that of men;their occupational mobility behaviors are related to educational experience and work experience;there is a strong correlation between the reporting units of occupational mobility groups and the doctoral graduate units;reasonable occupational mobility behaviors have a positive role in promoting the output of scientific research results of scientific researchers.In the research on the characteristics of the occupational mobility process,it was found that the cross-border flow of occupational mobility groups presents the characteristics of talent return surplus;most of them returned from the United States and moved to Beijing;the US-Beijing return path has become the main path of cross-border occupational mobility.The occupational mobility behavior of occupational mobility groups was characterized by agglomeration: before receiving funding,North China became an important center for talent gathering,and other areas showed a‘brain drain’ trend;while after receiving funding,North China has become a major ‘brain drain’place,and South China has turned into the biggest beneficiary,and the mobility scale of occupational mobility groups both before and after receiving funding was relatively small in the Yangtze River Delta region.The occupational mobility behavior of occupational mobility groups presents the characteristics of high-level platform aggregation.Colleges have become the first choice for high-level talent occupational mobility,returnee scholars have become an important part of occupational mobility,and scientific research institutes have become the center of high-level brain drain;the high-level academic platform was still the core element of the occupational mobility choice.The average time interval between occupational mobility groups before receiving funding showed a rising trend;the average time interval for talents from the introduction of a work unit to the time they received fund support is 4.7 years,and it continued to rise.The comprehensive research results revealed that the occupational mobility behavior of the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Department of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars winners presents the following characteristics:Firstly,the occupational mobility behavior of high-level talents and the platform of academic background show a recency effect.At all stages of high-level talents’ study and work,the academic background platform that plays a supporting role has an important impact.High-level talents that graduated from high-level platforms have relatively stable occupational mobility,while the talents who did not graduate from high-level platforms choose to pursue a better academic platform and research environment through upward mobility to bridge the gap.Secondly,there is a negative correlation between the occupational mobility frequency of highlevel talents and the growth cycle of talents.High-level talents often have occupational mobility behaviors due to the pursuit of better career development space,better quality of living environment and more advantageous scientific research environment.However,too frequent occupational mobility would cause high-level talents to waste more time and energy,which in turn affects the smooth operation of scientific research activities and the accumulation of one’s own knowledge,resulting in a delay in academic growth and a prolonged career development time.Thirdly,there is a positive correlation between the reasonable occupational mobility of highlevel talents and the output of scientific research results.Reasonable occupational mobility has a positive effect on the output of scientific research results.High-level talents can obtain support from better academic platforms and scientific research environments through occupational mobility to improve their academic ability.The behavior of occupational mobility promotes academic exchanges and scientific research cooperation of high-level talents to accelerates the output of scientific research results.However,frequent occupational mobility will reduce the stability of academic research,distract talents from concentrating on scientific research,and ultimately affect the quality and quantity of academic output.Fourthly,the occupational mobility behavior of high-level talents shows the spatial aggregation of peak academic platforms.It is closely related to influencing factors such as regional economic development and academic platform scientific research level.Developed regions such as Beijing,Shanghai,Jiangsu,and Guangdong maintain a strong attraction to high-level talents.Universities of project 985 such as Peking University,Tsinghua University and scientific research institutions affiliated to the CAS have obvious advantages in the choice of high-level talent occupational mobility.Based upon statistical results and analysis on the characteristics of talent occupational mobility,this study believes that in order to realize scientific and optimal allocation of high-level talent resources,guide the orderly flow of talents,and maximize their role in talent training,scientific research and social development,it is necessary to fully comply with the growth of talent orderliness,contemporarily guiding orderly flow mechanism with policy,meanwhile,conduct a favorable environment for enhancing academic vitality,in order to create a new outlook accelerating the orderly flow of high-level talents.Carrying out research on the characteristics of high-level talents’ occupational mobility groups has important practical significance for building a reasonable and orderly talent mobility mechanism and giving full play to the leading role of high-level talents in scientific and technological innovation.First,by comparing and analyzing the internal connection between the occupational mobility of high-level talents and the environment and process of talent growth,as well as the process characteristics of career mobility,it provides a theoretical basis for guiding the rational and orderly flow of high-level talents.Second,through the research on the group attributes and group mobility characteristics of basic research field high-level talents,it will provide relevant data support and decision-making reference for the management of basic research field high-level talents,standardize the rational and orderly flow of talents,and formulate relevant talent development plans. |
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