Research On The Impact Of Internet Use On Labor Employment

The report of the 20 th Party Congress emphasized that employment is the biggest livelihood,and taking all possible measures to stabilize and expand employment is a concrete manifestation of our Party’s adherence to the people-centered development ideology.2019 State Council meeting clearly pointed out that "the Internet platform economy is a new way of organizing productivity and a new dynamic force for economic development,which has an important role in optimizing resource allocation,promoting industrial upgrading and It plays an important role in optimizing the allocation of resources,promoting industrial upgrading,expanding the consumer market and,in particular,increasing employment.The use of the Internet can break through the restrictions of time and space,lower the threshold for workers to seek employment,and provide a new path for workers to find employment.This paper tries to explore whether the use of the Internet can promote labor force employment and thus improve the employment structure and drive social and economic growth.The article investigates the impact of Internet use on labor force employment at the micro level through a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses and normative and empirical analyses.Firstly,the impact of Internet use on labor force employment and the transmission mechanism are explained theoretically;secondly,this paper characterizes the current situation of Internet use and labor force employment from macro and micro aspects,respectively,and then uses the individual pool and household economic pool from the 2018 Household Tracking Survey database and the 2016 Household Tracking Survey database to empirically test,through a probit model,the the impact of Internet use on labor force employment,and analyzed the heterogeneity of labor force employment differences among different regions,different household registration,different education levels,different occupational categories,and different occupational mobility directions;again,a mediating effect model was used to test the mechanism of Internet use affecting labor force employment;finally,corresponding suggestions were made on how to give full play to the promotion effect of Internet use on labor force employment.The main findings of this paper are as follows:(1)Based on the definition of the connotation of Internet use and labor force employment,the transmission mechanism of Internet use on labor force employment is mainly explained from three aspects: information acquisition,human capital accumulation,and social capital accumulation.First,the Internet facilitates workers’ access to information,reduces search costs and broadens the scope of job search,thus promoting labor force employment;second,the Internet provides a large number of online learning resources,and workers improve their skills through online learning,thus promoting labor force employment;third,the Internet provides workers with social relationships and helps workers broaden their social networks,thus promoting labor force employment.(2)Analysis of the current situation of Internet development and labor force employment reveals that the scale of Chinese Internet users continues to grow,the Internet penetration rate increases year by year,the gap between urban and rural Internet penetration narrows,and the scale of online education users shows a trend of continuous growth;the number and proportion of labor force employment in China show the characteristics of "East > Central > West",and the labor force employment group is concentrated in the East.The number of employed labor force is concentrated in the eastern region,the number of employed urban workers is on the rise,the employment ratio is increasing year by year,the number of employed rural workers is on the decline,and the gap between the employment ratio of urban and rural labor force is growing,the education level of the employed labor force is improving,the number of educated labor force is on the rise,and the education level of the employed labor force is concentrated in junior high school.(3)Through the econometric test on the influence of Internet use on labor force employment,the regression results show that Internet use can significantly promote labor force employment.The results of regional heterogeneity show that Internet use significantly promotes labor force employment only in the eastern region;the results of household registration heterogeneity show that Internet use significantly promotes labor force employment in both non-agricultural and agricultural households,among which,the positive effect of Internet use on labor force employment in non-agricultural households is greater;the results of educational attainment heterogeneity show that Internet use only has a significant positive effect on labor force employment for those with higher education The results of heterogeneity in educational attainment show that Internet use has a significant positive effect on the employment of labor force with higher education only;the results of heterogeneity in occupational category show that Internet use has a significant positive effect on the employment of farmers and labor force with professional technicians or managers;the results of heterogeneity in occupational mobility direction show that Internet use has a significant positive effect on the employment of labor force with horizontal mobility direction and downward mobility direction.The mediated transmission mechanism suggests that Internet use can promote labor force employment through information acquisition,human capital accumulation and social capital accumulation.The policy inspiration of this paper is,first,to vigorously develop the platform economy,pay attention to guiding the benign development of different platform-based enterprises,and promote the role of the platform economy in expanding jobs,optimizing employment structure and improving employment quality;second,to continue to actively promote the construction of Internet infrastructure,and the government should seize the opportunity to give full play to the role of information technology in promoting employment;again,to diversify and develop high-quality online education,increase efforts to carry out Internet skills training,provide basic skills training and innovative skills training for non-Internet user groups,and expand the Internet user base;finally,the government should guide and regulate the online employment recruitment market.The government will take the lead in setting up an online employment platform,using information technology tools such as big data and artificial intelligence to efficiently match workers’ job search needs with Internet job openings,providing more and more convenient options for both job seekers and hirers.