| The extension of work and the blurring of the boundaries between work and life make managers easy to become workaholics.Due to the special occupation,preschool teachers’ professional perception,work attitude,and behavior are deeply influenced by managers.Leadership style,behavior,and emotions may affect teachers’ well-being.Therefore,this study is based on the perspective of preschool teachers,taking the workaholic tendencies of managers as the starting point,and tries to figure out the relationship between the workaholic tendencies of managers and the emotional exhaustion and occupational well-being of preschool teachers.First,the tendency of managers’ workaholism was assessed from the perspective of preschool teachers.By collecting 240 questionnaires of preschool teachers and analysing data through SPSS22.0,it was found that most managers’ scores of workaholism,which from the perspective of teachers,were above the middle level,that is,87.1% of managers had workaholic tendencies.Then,17 kindergarten teachers and 8 managers were interviewed about their perception,understanding,behavioral representation,possible attribution and influence of workaholic tendencies.The interview documents were imported into NVIVO11.0.The analysis showed that the teachers believed that the managers with workaholic tendencies were mainly characterized by busy work,many affairs,long time consuming and excessive demands on work,and their positive performances were work attentively and work skillfully.Besides,active,caring,forced,positive,pressure,anxiety,fond,supportive,considered and willingness are the top ten emotional attitudes of preschool teachers towards workaholic managers.In addition,the behavioral responses of teachers in preschool are divided into three types: forced busy,refused busy and voluntary busy.To this end,there are deviations between managers and teachers in attribution of workaholic tendencies.The former tends to internal attribution,while the latter tends to external attribution.Secondly,investigate the current situation of kindergarten teachers’ emotional exhaustion and occupational well-being.The questionnaire survey found that the average score of emotional exhaustion of preschool teachers was at the middle level,of which28.3% was mild emotional exhaustion,27.9% was moderate emotional exhaustion,and19.6% was severe emotional exhaustion;The score of teachers’ occupational well-being is above the middle level.94.6% of preschool teachers said that they have occupational well-being,of which 27.5% have low level of well-being,42.5% have medium level,and only 24.6% have high level.Finally,on the basis of the results above,the quantitative analysis of the relationship between the work status of managers and the emotional exhaustion and well-being of teachers in preschool.The results are as follows: there is a significant positive correlation between the workaholic tendency of managers and the emotional exhaustion of teachers in kindergartens,and a significant negative correlation between emotional exhaustion and occupational well-being of preschool teachers.Furthermore,Managers’ workaholic tendencies indirectly affect teachers’ professional well-being through teachers’ emotional exhaustion.To sum up,this study advices that preschool managers should improve their work ability to do more logical and planful in job,and to assign and transform their work more reasonably and flexibly,in order to create a healthy and benefit working atmosphere.Preschool teachers can alleviate emotional exhaustion and improve the level of occupational well-being by objectively treating the workaholic tendency of managers,actively adjusting their own working methods,bravely facing the negative impact of managers and using strategies from three-dimensional aspects to protect work rights and interests.As for institutions,such as preschools,should be more realistic and pragmatic,and pay attention to teachers’ needs and humanistic care,while education departments need to improve the credibility of work,improve the quality of management training,improve the evaluation indicators of preschools and teachers,and reduce the burden on teachers and managers from top to bottom. |
