Research On Virtual Experiments Empowering Science Learning In Primary And Secondary Schools

In the science curriculum,science experimentation is not only a method of learning science,but also an important part of the science curriculum itself,which is conducive to the overall development of students’ scientific literacy.At present,under the reform of the science curriculum,the traditional experimental teaching reveals various limitations and is no longer able to better meet the needs of students for science learning based on experiments.With the continued development of information technology in education,a novel information technology educational resource has been bred — — virtual experiments.Virtual experiments are a technology-enabled educational product based on virtual simulation technology and virtual reality technology to simulate real experiments,bringing new opportunities to improve the current status of science experiment teaching.It has features that can strongly support or aid science learning.Virtual experiments are increasingly becoming a popular area of research in laboratory teaching.This study is based on the 3D virtual experiment teaching system of the Central Museum of Electrochemical Education(hereinafter referred to as the 3D virtual experiment teaching system of the Central Museum)and 3D virtual experiment teaching class cases,through literature research,case studies,classroom observation and class case studies to carry out two aspects of research.Firstly,the case of 3D virtual experiments at the Central Museum was characterised from two perspectives:student science learning and teacher science teaching,in order to discover its empowering advantages for science learning in primary and secondary schools.Then,from the virtual experiment equipment and its use,the combination of virtual and real,the virtual experiment application mode,and the application of the advantages of 3D virtual experiment empowerment in practical teaching in the Central Museum,a total of four dimensions of the 3D virtual experiment teaching cases in the Central Museum(including the teaching design and teaching video recordings of the cases)are analyzed and studied in the cases.The results of the study found that,firstly,the enabling characteristics of the Central Museum 3D virtual experiment teaching system for students to learn science are intuitiveness of phenomena visualization,interactivity of multi-sensory participation,optimization of experimental effects,realism,high safety,breakthrough of time and space limitations,and easy availability and repairability of virtual equipment,and are integrated into science teaching practices;There are three main areas of empowerment for teachers in science teaching: empowerment for transforming the role of science teachers,empowerment for science teachers in effective lesson planning and classroom management,and empowerment for science teachers to conduct multiple assessments.Secondly,the real and imaginary approach has been used extensively in science teaching practices to empower science learning,such as helping students to develop their thinking,promoting a deeper understanding of scientific knowledge,increasing interest in inquiry and participation in experiments,and improving students’ learning efficiency.Thirdly,virtual experiments are more often used in science teaching practice for experimental investigations,experimental demonstrations,experimental extensions and experimental trials,thus empowering science learning.Based on the above findings,this study proposes the following recommendations for the integration of virtual experiments in science teaching in China: First,adhere to the teaching principles of " realistic but not imaginary,combination of virtual and reality,and flexible use".Second,strengthen the investment in virtual laboratory teaching equipment and build a virtual laboratory learning environment to facilitate science learning.Third,strengthen the training related to virtual experiment teaching and enhance teachers’ ability to use virtual experiments for innovative science teaching.