Research On The Influence Of Different Levels Of The Basic Social Pension Insurance On Labor Mobility

Against the background of aging population and labor mobility,the "localization" management mode of pension insurance has a serious conflict with the sustainability of pension insurance and labor mobility.National pooling has become the main way to solve the imbalance of inter-regional endowment insurance and the dilemma of crosspooling regional transfer of labor force.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that we should promote the transfer and continuation of social security and realize the national pooling of basic endowment insurance.The national pooling of endowment insurance system is the basic institutional guarantee to realize the high-quality and efficient allocation of labor factors in the market,so as to smooth the great domestic circulation.In order to promote the free flow and optimal allocation of labor factors,we can realize the structural supplyside reform and high-quality economic development.At present,there is a good foundation for the research on the impact of the endowment insurance system on labor mobility.However,there are relatively few research literatures on the pooling level of the endowment insurance system,which is a key factor,and it only focuses on macro qualitative analysis.Therefore,this paper attempts to combine the pooling level of the endowment insurance with labor mobility for a specific empirical analysis.By studying this problem,we can solve the cross-regional labor transfer and other problems,and also provide some reference for the national pooling of endowment insurance.The research content of this paper consists of three modules: First,through policy sorting and questionnaire survey of mobile employees of a large state-owned enterprise,the pooling level of pension insurance and the current situation and problems of labor mobility are analyzed,and it is found that under the current pooling level,labor mobility is faced with problems such as difficulties in relationship transfer and succession,loss of pension rights and interests.Based on the questionnaire survey and the theoretical analysis of human capital migration,this paper proposes the research hypothesis.Then,based on the differences of the provincial pooling of pension insurance in different regions and time,combined with the microscopic data of CFPS from 2010 to 2018,this paper uses the progressive differential model to investigate the causal relationship between the pooling level of basic pension insurance and the decision-making of labor mobility,and analyzes the heterogeneity of the birth years and household registration types of labor groups.Finally,based on the research results in Chapter 5,it explores the influence of pooling level on labor mobility under the condition that pooling level of endowment insurance has an impact on labor mobility.By deducing the formula for calculating pension benefits and combining with the social and economic statistical data of various provinces over the years,the empirical calculation of the changes of pension benefits when labor flows across regions is carried out,which confirms that the low level of pooling causes the changes of pension rights and interests after labor flows,and thus has an impact on labor flows.Based on the research,there are four conclusions are drawn:(1)The improvement of the overall level of urban employee basic pension insurance coordination has a positive effect on labor mobility within a certain regional scope,but the current provincial-level coordination still has limited effectiveness in promoting the free crossregional movement of labor nationwide.(2)Endowment insurance pooling has significant inter-generational and household registration heterogeneity in promoting labor mobility,and has a more obvious incentive effect on young and rural labor force.(3)In the current pooling level of pension insurance based on provincial pooling,when the labor force moves from provinces with high average social wage to provinces with low average social wage,the pension benefits available after retirement will be reduced;On the contrary,the level of basic pension benefits will increase when moving from provinces with low average social wages to provinces with high average social wages.(4)The variation range of pension benefits before and after labor flow depends on the wage gap between the places of transfer and the places of transfer.The greater the wage gap between the two places,the greater the change of basic pension.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that "national pooling of endowment insurance should be improved".The reform of pooling level of endowment insurance is an institutional evolution process gradually transitioning to national pooling,and the current pooling level of endowment insurance is essentially implementing the central regulation system on the basis of provincial pooling.Based on the research and analysis of this paper,it can be found that improving the pooling level of endowment insurance will help to improve labor mobility,but the differences in the pension treatment level among pooling regions lead to unreasonable labor mobility,and labor will suffer loss of rights and interests when moving across pooling regions.Therefore,this paper believes that improving the national pooling of endowment insurance is the key to further stimulate labor mobility,and also the key to the construction of a large unified domestic market.In order to realize the national pooling smoothly,this paper proposes policy recommendations including strengthening inter-regional institutional unity,promoting coordinated economic development between regions,and creating a national unified social security information platform.