Study On Influencing Factors Of Flexible Employees’ Willingness To Participate In Basic Endowment Insurance In Harbin

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed the implementation of the "universal insurance plan",to achieve full coverage of basic pension insurance,among which,the "last kilometer" of uninsured people are mostly flexible employment.Basic pension insurance plays a leading role in the Chinese pension insurance system.Encouraging the increasing number of flexible employees to participate in basic pension insurance can help them resist the pension risks.Therefore,it is urgent to promote this group to participate in the insurance.In 2019,there were about 1,134,600 flexible workers in Harbin,accounting for about37.5% of the total employment in Harbin,higher than the national rate of 27%.In recent three years,the average insurance participation rate of this group in Harbin is about 54.73%,lower than the average insurance participation rate of more than 60% in China.How to improve the willingness of flexible employees in Harbin to participate in insurance has become an urgent problem to be solved.Taking the flexible employees in Harbin as the research object,this paper explores how to improve their willingness to participate in insurance and finds out the factors that affect their willingness to participate in basic pension insurance.Based on planned behavior theory,Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and life cycle theory,literature analysis,interview method and empirical analysis method are adopted.Four latent variables,namely,behavioral attitude of flexible employees to participate in basic endowment insurance,subjective norms of flexible employees to participate in basic endowment insurance,perceived behavioral control of flexible employees to participate in basic endowment insurance,and willingness of flexible employees to participate in basic endowment insurance,are selected to construct a model of influencing factors of willingness of flexible employees to participate in basic endowment insurance in Harbin.And through combing and analyzing related literature,the research hypothesis of this paper is put forward.With the help of SPSS and AMOS statistical analysis software,the empirical analysis of 309 valid questionnaires was carried out to verify the hypothesis proposed.The empirical analysis results show that: The behavioral attitude of flexible employees to participate in the basic endowment insurance,the subjective norms of flexible employees to participate in the basic endowment insurance,and the perceived behavioral control of flexible employees to participate in the basic endowment insurance have a positive impact on the willingness of flexible employees to participate in the basic endowment insurance.The subjective norms of flexible employees participating in the basic endowment insurance and the perceived behavioral control of flexible employees participating in the basic endowment insurance positively affect the behavioral attitude of flexible employees participating in the basic endowment insurance.Based on this,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the basic endowment insurance system,improve the insurance participation ability of flexible employees,enrich the insurance policy publicity methods of flexible employees,and broaden the insurance service channels of flexible employees,in order to promote the improvement of the willingness of flexible employees to participate in insurance in Harbin,so as to give them a basis for old age.