| With the acceleration of the aging process of the population,the number of disabled and semi disabled elderly and the elderly who lack family care resources is also increasing rapidly.People are paying increasing attention to the physical and mental health issues of the elderly group.Institutional pension has gradually become one of the main pension methods and an indispensable and important way to solve the pension problem.Although the development prospects of institutional elderly care are good,there are inevitably some problems,such as relatively simple elderly care services,limited spiritual comfort for the elderly,and lack of sufficient professional talent support.Therefore,more and more social workers are beginning to intervene in the work of elderly care institutions to help the elderly better solve their psychological needs,alleviate loneliness,and improve the quality of life.However,due to the particularity of the elderly group,social workers may also encounter ethical dilemmas that are difficult to solve during their intervention.In the practice of this elderly care institution,the author found that the ethical dilemma generated by social workers during the service process is an important factor affecting the service effectiveness.Therefore,exploring the types of ethical dilemmas encountered by social workers in the service process,their causes,and identifying corresponding countermeasures are of great significance for improving service effectiveness,reducing the moral pressure of practitioners,and improving the quality of life of elderly people in institutions.Based on the author’s field investigation and assistance in providing professional services,this article conducted in-depth interviews with professional social workers,institutional administrators,volunteers,and elderly people in X elderly care institutions through interview methods.During the in-depth interviews with the research subjects,relevant information was discovered and recorded,and then collated and summarized in combination with the literature of many scholars.After analysis,the author believes that the main types of ethical dilemmas in social work are manifested in three aspects: conflict of interest,conflict of roles,and conflict of norms in the practical process.The ethical dilemmas caused by normative conflicts include: the conflict between value neutrality and value intervention,the conflict between confidentiality and privacy,the conflict between case owners’ self-determination and "paternalism",and the conflict between "localization" and Western traditions.There are four main reasons for this: the diversity of values,cultural differences between China and the West,imperfect related institutional systems,and the political nature of social work.The ethical dilemmas caused by role conflicts include: conflicts between dual relationships and professional relationships,and conflicts caused by intervention methods.There are three reasons for this: high evaluation pressure,the specificity of service objects,and insufficient professional literacy of social workers.The ethical dilemmas caused by conflicts of interest include conflicts caused by "loyalty to whom" and conflicts caused by limited resource allocation.The main reasons are: the conflict between internalized authority and externalized authority,and the impact of organizational environment.By analyzing the types and causes of ethical dilemmas in social work,the author believes that the main solutions are as follows: 1.Improvement of the external environment.Specifically,it includes: promoting the localization of social work ethics;Government and social support;Establish a development model of "part-time social worker+full-time social worker+external purchase";Improving the industry system to provide theoretical support;Promote the development of ethical education in social work.2.Improvement of the organizational environment.3.Bring into play the subjective and dynamic role of social workers.4.Give full play to the assisting role of service objects. |
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