A Group Social Work Intervention Study On The Improvement Of Self-efficacy Among Elderly People With Dementia In Welfare Institutions

With the deepening of China’s aging trend,the number of dementia groups continues to increase,and their physical and mental health problems have gradually entered people’s field of vision.Due to the weakening of family care functions and the need for their own old-age care,welfare homes have gradually become the main choice for the elderly with dementia to enjoy their old age.Although welfare homes can provide all-weather care for the elderly with dementia,the elderly with dementia are still facing the situation of gradual dementia and disability,and there is also a crisis of self-efficacy,which is not conducive to the development of social interactions,the implementation of healthy behaviors and the improvement of subjective happiness of the elderly with dementia.In this study,the author’s social work service practice in Changsha S Welfare Institute adopts the participatory observation method and interview method to understand and grasp the basic situation,selfefficacy characteristics and needs of the elderly with dementia in the welfare home,and provides practical support and practical basis for group work intervention through feasibility assessment.Under the guidance of self-efficacy theory and activity theory,an attempt was made to design and form a cognitive training group focusing on the cognitive impairment of 9 elderly people with mild to moderate dementia with basic behavioral ability and communication ability,and on the basis of delaying and improving the cognitive ability of the elderly with dementia,four information sources affecting self-efficacy were integrated into the group activities,namely personal experience,alternative experience,verbal persuasion,physiological and emotional state to improve the selfefficacy of the elderly with dementia in welfare homes.The cognitive function status and self-efficacy level of the group members were assessed in combination with the data collected during the group service,as well as the results of the before and after tests of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(Mo CA)and the General SelfEfficacy Scale(GSES).The evaluation results showed that the cognitive training team had a delaying and improving effect on the cognition of the elderly with mild to moderate dementia,and the self-efficacy level of the group members was improved to varying degrees.The researchers concluded that the four major sources of information affecting selfefficacy,such as personal experience,alternative experience,verbal persuasion,physiological and emotional state,can be applied to improve the self-efficacy of the elderly with mild to moderate dementia;group work is an effective way to help the elderly with dementia in welfare institutions improve their self-efficacy;targeted social work services should be carried out in combination with the cognitive function of the elderly with dementia.