A Problem Solving-Oriented Instructional Design For Primary School Graphical Programming Course And Its Application

Problem solving ability is one of the key abilities in the 21 st century and one of the main goals of computational thinking education.As an important carrier of computational thinking education in primary schools,graphical programming provides the possibility to cultivate students’ problem-solving ability.This study explores the improvement of primary school students’ problem-solving ability based on graphical programming teaching,proposes a graphical programming teaching model for improving primary school students’ problem-solving ability,and conducts empirical research.Firstly,integrating the theoretical framework of computational thinking and problem solving,a primary school graphical programming teaching model based on the IGGIA framework for cultivating problem-solving abilities was constructed,and targeted teaching design was conducted in accordance with this teaching model.Secondly,based on the proposed teaching model,teaching design is conducted around the 13 teaching hours in actual course teaching to form teaching cases.Finally,based on the quasi-experimental method,an empirical study was conducted in a primary school in Nanjing for a total of 13 class hours for a period of 13 weeks.Experimental data were collected and analyzed using three research tools,namely,the Problem-Solving Ability Assessment Questionnaire for Primary School Students,the Graphical Programming Learning Effectiveness Test Questionnaire for Primary School Students,and the Graphical Programming Learning Interview Questionnaire for Primary School Students.The results of data analysis show that:(1)The problem solving oriented graphical programming teaching in primary schools proposed in this study can effectively improve students’ problem solving ability,and improve their attitude towards problems,the way they handle problems,and the quality of problem solving;(2)The teaching of graphical programming in primary schools aimed at cultivating problem-solving skills can effectively improve the learning effect of graphical programming for students,who can basically grasp the knowledge points in graphical programming learning,and have a good sense of self-efficacy in graphical programming learning.The teaching model proposed in this study provides a new way and method for cultivating pupils’ problemsolving ability.