Investigation And Case Development Of The Current Situation Of Experimental Teaching Of Physical Ideas In High Schools

Thought experiment is an experiment conducted in the mind.It is of great help to improve students’ logical thinking ability and spatial imagination ability,and meets the requirements of the core literacy of physics for the development of students’ scientific thinking,which has certain educational research value.This research includes three parts: the investigation of the present situation of physics thought experiment teaching,the sorting out of thought experiment cases and the development of teaching cases.The educational survey consists of two parts: student clinical survey and teacher questionnaire.A clinical survey was conducted on 3 students from S Middle School in F City,and the results found: 1.The students did not have a good grasp of the logic in the thought experiment.2.Students have insufficient understanding of the idealized conditions and corresponding conclusions in the operation of thought experiments.The teacher questionnaire mainly includes five parts: the degree of understanding of thought experiment,the teaching cognition of thought experiment,the teaching emotion of thought experiment,the teaching behavior of thought experiment and the acquisition path of thought experiment,and 121 high school physics teachers in F City,Province J,and T City Z were surveyed,and the results found: 1.The popularity of thought experiments is not high,and teachers do not have enough understanding of thought experiments.2.Teachers lack access to thought experiments.3.Thought experiment teaching is difficult to carry out,and teachers do not have the time and interest to carry out thought experiment teaching development.To sort out the thought experiments in the history of physics and philosophy.A total of 28 thought experiments in the history of physics and 12 thought experiments in the history of philosophy were collated.These thought experiments can be classified into destructive,constructive and Platonic thought experiments according to James Robert Brown’s classification standard,and constructive thought experiments can be divided into mediation,speculation and direct thought experiments.The thought experiments in the resource library are described and logically dissected with typical cases,including: "Schrodinger’s cat","Newton’s bucket","Steven’s inclined plane","Maxwell’s demon","Galileo’s free fall","Searle’s Chinese House".After sorting out the consensus elements about the nature and operation mechanism of thought experiment in literature,combined with the five steps of the operation mechanism of thought experiment proposed by Miriam Reiner,and with the advance organizer strategy as the theoretical support,the teaching process of thought experiment was proposed.Based on the resource base of thought experiment and combined with the teaching process of thought experiment,four cases are developed,namely,Newton’s First Law,Space Navigation,Relativistic space-time and the Limitations of Newtonian Mechanics,and Heisenberg Uncertainty.According to the relevant characteristics of four teaching cases and the characteristics of thought experiment teaching,this paper puts forward some suggestions on the use of thought experiment teaching: the cross application of thought experiment and real experiment;The expanded application of the empirical basis of thought experiment;The continuous use of thought experiment and the scientific use of thought experiment.