Effect Of Parenting Style On Senior High School Students’ Learning Engagement: The Chain Mediating Effect Of Growth Mindset And Perseverance

Senior high school,as a golden stage in life,is important for students to learn and get experiences.With the reform policy’s advancement of the college entrance examination,more and more boys and girls are under the pressure of choosing subjects and college entrances exam,and are prone to insufficient learning engagement.Many studies have found that family factors,particularly ones’ parenting styles,have a profound effect on students’ learning engagement,while growth mindset,as a positive belief system,perseverance,as a positive personality trait,both have a profound effect on students’ learning engagement.According to the family system theory,the family as a micro-system has a influence on adolescents’ psychology and behavior.Based on this,it is not difficult to think that,as personality traits,growth mindset’s and perseverance’s formation and development must be related to one’s parents’ parenting style,and the academic attitude and academic behavior involved in learning engagement are also closely related to his parents and parenting style.Therefore,this study is to research the relationship between parenting style,growth mindset,perseverance and learning engagement,then check the mediating role of growth mindset and perseverance.Two parts are included in the study.In study 1,a questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the current situation of parenting style,growth mindset,perseverance and learning engagement,and investigate the relationship between these variables.Four scales,which are “Simplified Parenting Style Questionnaire","Growth Mindset Scale","Perseverance Scale" and "Learning Engagement Scale" are used in this part.536 senior high school students from Shijiazhuang were used as a research sample.Based on study 1,study 2 conducts in-depth interviews with typical examples to explore the influence further,that is,parenting styles have effect on senior high school students’ learning engagement,as well as the chain-like intermediary role of growth mindset and perseverance.The results are as below:(1)Generally,a positive way are took by the parents of senior high school students,and the scores of mothers’ rejection,emotional warmth,and over-protection were higher than those of fathers.Senior high school students’ growth mindset,perseverance and learning engagement are above the middle level.Urban students had a higher level of perseverance than rural students.For learning engagement,there are significant distinction in gender,only-child status and place of origin.Girls’ score on concentration is higher than that of boys,the level of dedication of only children is higher than non-only children,and the dedication and total level of urban students’ learning engagement are higher than those of rural students.(2)Father/mother’s emotional warmth was actively correlated with growth mindset,perseverance,and learning engagement,while father/mother’s rejection and over-protection were negatively correlated with and growth mindset,perseverance,and learning engagement.Father/mother emotional warmth,growth mindset,perseverance can predict learning engagement positively;father over-protection predicted learning engagement negatively.Growth mindset plays a single mediating role between three dimensions of parents’ parenting style and learning engagement.Perseverance plays a single mediating role between three dimensions of mother’s parenting style,the two dimensions of father’s(emotional warmth,over-protection)and learning engagement.Growth mindset and perseverance play a chain-like intermediary role between three dimensions of parents’ parenting style and learning engagement.(3)The interview result shows that learning engagement of senior high school students are effected by three factors: Parenting style,which is manifested in sternness,absence,emotional warmth;students’ growth mindset level,which is manifested in their views on talent and effort,and their attitude towards challenges;the perseverance level of these students,which is manifested in their perseverance,lasting interest,and attitude towards challenges.Parenting styles affect children’s growth mindset through parent-child interaction(language interaction,leading by example),absence(emotional absence),and reference education.Parenting styles affect children’s perseverance through sternness(authoritarianism,interference,lack of encouragement)and positive emotional warmth(tolerance,pride in children,leading by example,language education,support).Senior high school students’ growth mindset influences grit through their attitude toward challenges.Get the following findings:(1)A positive way are took by the parents of senior high school students generally.Mothers are more involved than fathers.The growth mindset,perseverance and learning engagement of senior high school students was at an post-intermediate level.Grit is affected by the subjects’ places of origin.Learning engagement is influenced by the gender,only-child status and place of origin.(2)Parents style,growth mindset,perseverance,and learning engagement are significantly related.Father/mother emotional warmth,growth mindset,perseverance can predict learning engagement positively;father over-protection predicted learning engagement negatively.Growth mindset and grit play a chain-like intermediary role between the parenting style and students’ learning engagement.(3)Parents style,growth mindset,perseverance can affect the senior high school students’ learning engagement.Parenting styles affect children’s growth thinking through parent-child interaction,absence,and reference education.Parenting styles affect children’s perseverance through sternness and positive emotional warmth.Senior high school students’ growth mindset influences grit through their attitude toward challenges.