| Chinese athletes broke the record of Olympic gold medal zero in the speed skating event of Beijing Winter Olympics,which is an important milestone in China ’s speed skating event.It is of great significance to study the turning technology of excellent speed skaters in China to reveal the technical characteristics of high-level athletes and summarize the project rules.In August 2021,five excellent male speed skaters in China were selected as the research objects in the speed skating national team series(third station)competition of Beijing Erqi Training Center in August 2021.The total station measurement method and three-dimensional video method were mainly used.The three-dimensional analysis software of the sports video of the key technology research of the intelligent ice and snow of the Winter Olympics was used to analyze the technical characteristics of the excellent athletes ’ turning movements,and the relevant data were analyzed to provide reference for the speed skaters ’ turning technology.The results show that :(1)The speed of the center of gravity of the left single support(T1-T2)and the left double support(T2-T3)of the five speed skaters entering the curve is smaller than that of the right single support(T3-T4)and the right double support(T4-T5).The average center of gravity velocity of Ning XX right single support(T3-T4)and right double support(T4-T5)is the largest,which is 12.86 m / s and 13.42 m / s respectively.The average center-of-gravity velocity of X is the smallest and the fluctuation range is the smallest in a complete complex step.(2)Yang X body center of gravity in the X axis displacement is small,in the Y,Z axis displacement range is the largest.Chen XX ’s body center of gravity has the largest displacement on the X axis,and the smallest on the Y and Z axes compared with the other four athletes.The trunk angle of the five speed skaters after entering the curve is greater than 15 °.The maximum trunk angle at T1 is 31.2 ° of Yang X.The air resistance of the larger trunk angle is also relatively large,which affects the sliding speed.(3)The 5 speed skaters ’ right leg pedaling angle is always greater than the left leg pedaling angle,which is in line with the actual sliding situation.Ning XX has the largest extension range of left and right leg pedal ice angle in sliding.The extension angle of right hip and right knee is greater than that of left hip and left knee,and the extension angle of left ankle is greater than that of right ankle.(4)The left single support stage(T1-T2)of 5 speed skaters takes less time than the right single support stage(T3-T4).The weight XX left and right leg step is small.Ning XX spent the least time in a complete step,and the step frequency was also faster than the other four athletes.His acceleration after entering the corner was better than the other four athletes.To sum up,five excellent speed skaters in the curve skating,left pedaling ice leg pedaling ice acceleration effect is better than the right pedaling ice leg pedaling ice acceleration effect,Ning XX into the curve skating speed is faster,Yang X into the curve skating speed is slower.The sliding displacement trajectory of Yang X is far away from the runway radius,which is not conducive to effectively saving physical fitness;chen XX sliding displacement trajectory is closer to the inside of the track,which saves physical fitness and has better ability to resist centrifugal force.The changes of hip,knee and ankle angles of five excellent speed skaters are reasonable,and maintaining a small trunk angle to reduce air resistance is the key to improving sliding speed.It is very important to coordinate the reasonable step frequency and step length in the curve sliding. |
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