Research On The Difference Of Attention Network Characteristics Of Individuals With Different Types Of Motor Skill

Research Purpose:The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differences in the efficiency of attention networks of individuals with different types of motor skills（open and closed）and the differences in the lateralization characteristics of attention networks of individuals with different types of motor skills.Methodology:The ANT and LANT-R task paradigms were used in this study;the ANT task used a three-factor repeated measures within-subjects design of 3（group:open group,closed group,general group）×4（cue type:no cue,central cue,spatial cue,double cue）×3（Flanker task type:neutral,consistent,inconsistent）;the LANT-R task used 3（group:Open group,Closed group,Normal group）×2（Visual field:left,right）×4（Cue type:no cue,double cue,valid cue,invalid cue）×2（Flanker task type type:consistent,inconsistent）within-subjects design with a four-factor repeated measures.Subjects were selected from university students who were national level II athletes and above in tennis as an open sport group,university students who were national level II athletes and above in swimming as a closed sport group,and students in public physical education courses with no specific training experience as a general control group.Research results:（1）In terms of reaction time,there was a significant main effect of motor skill type(F_（2,60）=396.126,p<0.01,biasη2=0.021),a significantly lower RT in the open group than in the atresia group（p<0.01）,a significantly lower RT in the atresia group than in the general group（p<0.01）,and a significantly lower RT in the open group than in the general group（p<0.01）;the main effect of cue cue type effect was significant(F_（3,59）=642.968,p<0.01,biasη2=0.050),no cue RT was significantly higher than other cue condition RT（p<0.01）,no significant difference between central cue RT and spatial cue RT（p>0.05）,and spatial cue RT was the lowest;the main effect for both Flanker task types was significant(F_（3,59）=1189.695,p<0.01,biasη2=0.061),with significantly higher RT in the incongruent condition than in the neutral condition RT（p<0.01）and the congruent condition RT（p<0.01）,and significantly higher RT in the congruent condition than in the neutral condition（p<0.01）;there was an interaction effect between motor skill type and cue cue type(F_（6,56）=11.124 p<0.01,biasη2=0.002),with significant differences between groups in the no-cue,dual-cue,spatial cue,and central cue conditions for the open,occluded,and normal groups（p<0.01）;a significant interaction effect between Flanker task type and motor skill type(F_（4,58）=18.204,p<0.01,biasη2=0.002),with significant differences between the open,closed and normal groups in the neutral,consistent and inconsistent conditions（p<0.01）,and no interaction effect between cue type and Flanker task type(F_（6,56）=1.788,p>0.05,biasη2=0.001),and a significant interaction effect between motor skill grouping,cue type,and Flanker task There was a significant interaction effect between motor skill grouping,cue cue type,and Flanker task type.（2）Compared to the normal group,the open group significantly differed in the effectiveness of the executive control network（p<0.01）;nevertheless,the vigilance and orientation networks did not differ significantly（p>0.05）,and attentional functioning did not significantly improve in the occluded group（p>0.05）.（3）The orientation benefit effect and conflict effect were significantly lateralized in the open skill group（p<0.05）,while the orientation loss,cue validity,and vigilance effects were not significantly lateralized（p>0.05）.（4）The vigilance,orientation,and executive control networks were not significantly lateralized in the occluded skill group（p>0.05）.Research Conclusions:（1）Different types of motor skills showed differences in reaction speed.The exercise group showed more efficient information processing speed.Long-term exercise training improved individual attention function.The attention network of individuals with different types of motor skills was selectively improved,but there were differences in skill types.The efficiency of the executive control network in the open skill group was significantly improved,and the function of the individual executive control network was significantly higher than that in the closed and ordinary groups,but there was no significant difference in the function of the alert and directional network.Although locked-in motor skill can improve individual reaction speed to some extent,there is no significant difference in attention network efficiency.（2）There were differences in the lateralization of attention network among different motor skill types.There were differences in the lateralization of orientation benefit effect and executive control network in the open skill group,but no differences in the lateralization of alertness network,orientation loss effect and cue validity effect.There were no differences in the lateralization of alertness,orientation and executive control network in the closed skill group.