Research On Attention Characteristics Of High Level College Athletes

Attention is a familiar word in our daily life, but in psychology field it means the orienting and focus of certain objects in psychology activity,it was the premise and basis of human behavior. In recent years,in the field of sports there are more and more researchers study the inhibition of return and selective attention of athletes,in order to provide evidence to better serve the selection,training and compettion of the athletes.Selective attention is a mediated state of consciousness that selectively some stimulus to process and ignore other irrelevant stimulus, it is the foundation of the attention to move quickly and focus.Inhibition of return(IOR) refers to the slowing of a response to a target appearing at a previously attended location, which is a inhibitory phenomenon of spatial selective attention, it reflected the flexibility and adaptability of attention. IOR and selective attention have both simlarities and differences.This study used spatial cue paradigm and cue-target paradigm to experiment the difference between high level circumstance-directed attentional type of university athletes and common university student,by comparing their difference in reaction time and error rate, to have a better understanding characteristics and mechanism of athletes. Research results show that :(1)Circumstance-directed attentional type of university athletes superior to ordinary students on selective attention,they were able to identify targets and make a judgment quickly,also can quickly adjust the focus to shifting attention,avoid the loss of attention. Their information processing ability is supeior to ordinary college students.Both two groups were affected by distractions,SOA levels and cues, it follows: the number of distractions increased,reaction time also increased; the shorter of SOA,the longer of reaction; Subjects under effective clues are much better than that of the invalid clues.(2)The time course between circumstance-directed attentional type of university athletes and common university students were different.Athletes has a stronger ability to inhibition of return than common students,their capacity of inhibition of return is bigger than ordinary college student.Athletes can appear in inhibition of return quickly,and last longger.