| ObjectiveWorking Memory(WM)is the cognitive ability to remember in a short period time and to use the contents of the memory for the task at hand.Research has shown a correlation between the strength of working memory and academic performance,competitive athletic performance,and balance control in older populations.In addition,improved working memory also facilitates motor skill learning.With the call for allname fitness,mastering a motor skill can increase participation in sports and promote all-name sports.In recent years,the exploration of working memory enhancement methods has been gradually enriched.Increasing attention has been paid to the modulatory effects of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques on the central nervous system,which apply weak electrical currents to the skull to regulate neural excitability.Among them,transcranial direct current stimulation regulates nerve impulses subthreshold under the premise of achieving weak current stimulation,achieving safe and effective improvement in nerve action potential generation efficiency.This stimulation method is considered to have the potential to improve working memory.The results of existing studies suggest that transcranial direct current stimulation can improve various cognitive abilities,including executive function,attention,and memory.Transcranial direct current stimulation can improve human motor functions,including motor endurance,explosive power,speed,and balance.In addition,whether transcranial direct current stimulation can improve motor skill learning is currently a popular topic of among researchers.Based on the above research background and research questions,this study is summarized as the following three main objectives:(1)The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with MI on working memory was tested by double N-back,and the number of visual errors and the number of auditory errors were selected as evaluation indexes.(2)A biomechanical evaluation method was used to describe the performance of the darts throwing action.The angular displacement and velocity of the right arm wrist and elbow joints were selected to collect the bull’s-eye distance to assess the degree of dart skill acquisition.(3)Under the conditions of the above study,the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale was used to evaluate whether transcranial direct current energy stimulation could improve the cognitive level of the average woman.MethodsThe study design was a randomized,single-blind controlled trial.A total of 30 healthy female college students were recruited.Each subject visited the laboratory nine times and was randomized to receive transcranial direct current real stimulation combined with motor imagery,transcranial direct current electrical stimulation,and sham stimulation.The N-back paradigm test and dart-throwing test were administered at each visit.In addition,the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale was completed twice between the first and last visit,and the dart-throwing motion capture test was administered at the last visit.The transcranial direct current stimulation current was designed to be 2 m A,the stimulation duration was 20 minutes,and the stimulated brain region was the prefrontal lobe.The anode was placed at point F3,and the cathode at F3 according to the International 10-20 EEG system positioning.The N-back test paradigm was used with an upgraded dual N-back test,and the test was completed in a separate room.The test consisted of two stimulus materials,visual and auditory,respectively.The upper extremity motor skill designed for this study was the dart motor skill,and biomechanical data were collected using an infrared motion capture system.The statistical indicators were expressed as mean ± standard deviation(Mean ± SD),and the significance level was set at P < 0.05.Results(1)Transcranial direct current stimulation significantly improved both visual and auditory errors on the double N-back test,but visual errors improved better,and the improvement time was faster.(2)Transcranial direct current stimulation had a significant effect on the bull’s-eye distance of dart throwing,and transcranial direct current stimulation combined with motor imagery was the optimal stimulation condition when comparing the stimulation conditions.(3)Transcranial direct current stimulation had a significant effect on the dartthrowing motion,and the angular displacement and velocity curves of the wrist and elbow joints were compared with the reference curves,and transcranial direct current stimulation combined with motor imagery was the best stimulation condition.It is noteworthy that the maximum angular displacement and the maximum angular velocity of the elbow and wrist joints were compared with the reference values,and the three stimulation conditions were found to be significantly different,indicating that the improvement of the dart-throwing motion did not achieve the desired effect under the three stimulation conditions.(4)Transcranial direct current stimulation had no significant effect on the total score of the Montreal cognitive assessment scale,but significantly improved the score of the delayed memory plate.Conclusion(1)In this study,a new motor skill learning method was designed by combining a traditional motor skill learning method(Motor Imagery)with a non-invasive brain neuromodulation technique(transcranial direct current stimulation).The method has a facilitative effect on motor skill learning,and in addition,both methods are simple and easy to implement.Therefore,the new method can be regarded as a new motor skill learning method that can improve motor skill learning efficiency and shorten motor skill learning time.(2)This study confirmed that t DCS has a good improvement effect on the improvement of working memory,and there is a cumulative effect.(3)The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale assessment confirmed that transcranial direct current stimulation improves delayed memory capacity in the general female population but does not significantly improve overall cognitive levels.The improvement of cognitive function would be a direction worthy of further exploration. |
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