A Study On Group Work Intervention To Meet The Social Participation Needs Of Aged People In Institutions

China has the largest population in the world,because of the large population base,so no country has more elderly people than China,the change of population structure,makes our country gradually into the aging society,and the aging degree is increasingly deepening,it is estimated that during the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period,the old population in 60 years and above will exceed 300 million,the proportion of the total population will exceed 20%,and our country will enter the moderate aging society.The Chinese government has issued relevant policies,attaching increasing importance to actively dealing with active aging.At the same time,the family structure is also changing,and the size of the family is decreasing,which also means that the function of the family to bear the pension is weakening.On the one hand,the pressure of pension is increasing,on the other hand,the function of family pension is weakening.Under this background,institutional pension is gradually paid attention to,and the function of institutional pension is gradually improved.Since its establishment in 2015,X Pension Institution in T City has provided various living services for the elderly residents to meet their basic pension needs.This study takes active aging as the framework,and through in-depth interviews,summarizes the current situation of meeting the needs of the elderly in institutions.There are two main aspects:first,the needs of the elderly in institutions are basically met in terms of security dimension and health dimension;Second,the elderly have problems in meeting the needs of social participation,which is manifested as the lack of opportunities for social participation,the lack of skills for social participation,and the lack of confidence in social participation..Then,the needs of social participation of the elderly in institutions are analyzed,namely,the needs of establishing confidence in social participation,learning skills for social participation,and creating opportunities for social participation.In view of the above needs of the elderly in terms of social participation,this paper constructs a group intervention model based on the theory of active aging.Through the form of group work combined with cognitive behavioral therapy and observational learning training methods,it aims to enhance the active and correct image of aging and provide education to guarantee participation skills.The three strategies of active aging are designed to solve the problems faced by the elderly in the process of participation,so as to meet the participation needs of the elderly in institutions.The whole practical process is as follows: 8 group activities were conducted,which were divided into three stages.The group objectives of the three stages were to build up confidence in social participation,learn social participation skills and create high-level participation opportunities.At the end of the group,qualitative data analysis of the group process;Through the analysis of group intervention results,it is found that the intervention of social work professional groups based on active aging theory,cognitive behavioral theory and social learning method to meet the needs of social participation of the elderly has achieved some results,including improving the skills and confidence of social participation of the elderly,and providing opportunities for social participation.It shows that practical intervention by group work can effectively meet the needs of social participation of the elderly.However,due to new problems in the process of intervention,some elderly people still show low enthusiasm in participation at the end of intervention,so it is necessary to continuously improve and explore more effective social work intervention process in the future.Finally,this study reflects on the needs of social participation of the elderly,the application of group work in the field of the elderly and the development of social work from the perspective of active aging.It provides some references for the future research and practice of social participation of the elderly.On this basis,it extends the reflection on institutional pension and puts forward suggestions for institutional pension.