Study On The Physique And Athletic Ability Characteristics Of Excellent Female Water Polo Players In China

The Chinese Women’s Water Polo Team was established in 2004,and rapidly rose to prominence in a short span of time.They claimed the championship titles at the Asian Games in 2010,2014,and 2018,clinched third place at the World Cup in 2010,took second place at the World Championships in 2011,and finally won the International Swimming Federation(FINA)World Water Polo League championship in 2013.This was the team’s first world championship,achieving a historic breakthrough.The progress of Chinese water polo cannot be separated from the hard work of our outstanding female water polo athletes.The purpose of this research is to analyze the physique and athletic ability of the selected outstanding female water polo athletes in China,including those selected for the Olympic big list,those not selected for the Olympic big list,and those in different positions,as well as to compare them with outstanding foreign female water polo athletes.The aim is to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of China’s excellent female water polo athletes,providing a quantitative reference for future national team scientific training,reserve talent selection,preparation for the Olympic Games,and preparation for the National Games.This research adopts the methods of literature research,testing,and mathematical statistics to study 34 athletes who have been selected for the national women’s water polo training team.The measurements include several major indicators such as body shape,swimming ability,strength quality,and water polo special ability.Comparisons and analyses are carried out according to those selected for the Olympic big list and those not selected for the national team list,as well as on-field positions(center,goalkeeper,perimeter).The analysis found that(1)among China’s outstanding female water polo athletes,the goalkeepers have the highest average height,while the centers and perimeters have roughly the same average height,all above 175 cm.The average weight and BMI of the centers are higher than those of the perimeters and goalkeepers,with significant differences.The goalkeepers have a higher average number of pull-ups and squat weights.The 50 m freestyle average speed of the centers and perimeters is higher than that of the perimeters;the 100 m freestyle speed of the goalkeepers is slower than that of the centers and perimeters;the centers and perimeters have a faster 400 m freestyle average speed;the perimeters have a faster 6×5m shuttle average speed.(2)When comparing athletes selected for the Olympic Games roster with those not selected,there are significant differences in the best results of pull-ups,the best results of bench press1 RM,and a trend of significant difference in the best results of squat 1RM.The aforementioned three indicators of athletes selected for the Olympics are significantly higher than those not selected.There is no significant difference in the endurance of the abdominal and back muscles between the two groups,but the athletes selected for the Olympic Games are better than those not selected.(3)When comparing athletes selected for the Olympic Games roster with those not selected,there is no significant difference in the best results of 50 m to 400 m freestyle swimming in the pool between the two groups,but the athletes selected for the Olympic Games are better than those not selected.(4)When comparing athletes selected for the Olympic Games roster with those not selected,there are statistically significant differences in the indicators related to the specific abilities in water,including water polo throwing distance,one-hand door touching,and jumping 10 times in water.The performance of the 6×5m shuttle and treading water with a 15 kg load of the athletes selected for the Olympic big list is also better than those not selected,but there is no statistically significant difference.This study suggests that the maximum strength of squats and bench presses on land,the maximum number of pull-ups,the distance of water polo throwing in water,onehanded door touching,and jumping 10 times in water,the mean values and ranges of these indicators can be used as quantitative references for future national team preparation for the Olympic Games and the Shanghai team preparation for the National Games.They can also serve as key indicators for future training and selection of youth athletes.In view of the shortcomings of China’s excellent female water polo athletes,this paper proposes the following suggestions:(1)Take strength quality and special ability as important criteria for selecting athletes to participate in competitions,and strengthen training in strength quality and special ability;(2)Improve the comprehensive ability of the specialty,enhance the ability to change direction in water,and improve the start and transmission speed of the shooting power chain;(3)According to the position characteristics of the center,goalkeeper,and perimeter,specifically strengthen and adjust the advantages and disadvantages of the athletes.