The Application Of Tacit Knowledge Theory In Teaching Ancient Poetry In Senior High School Students

As an excellent traditional Chinese culture,ancient poetry is an important carrier for cultivating students’ language ability and shaping students’ spiritual character,and has always been the focus of language teaching.However,in the process of appreciating it,there is a considerable part of the content that teachers can only understand,and cannot be accurately expressed to students through language;Students also cannot learn to appreciate ancient poetry by following a certain set of rules.Michael Polanyi’s theory of tacit knowledge illustrates this kind of knowledge that is widespread in an individual’s cognitive activity but difficult to characterize and transmit directly.This paper considers from the perspective of tacit knowledge how teachers should guide students to complete activities such as perceiving artistic conception and understanding emotions that cannot be fully achieved through teaching.Firstly,based on the discussion of Personal Knowledge: Backward Critical Philosophy and related research literature,the connotation and basic characteristics of tacit knowledge are clarified.The connotation mainly includes four aspects: irrational factors such as personal emotions and experiences in the process of knowledge discovery and acquisition;Individual tacit cognitive processes,including intuition,synthesis,analysis,judgment,understanding and other non-verbal intelligence;Operational skills and techniques that dwell in practical behavior;Knowledge and abilities that the individual has internalized.The main characteristics are highly personal,situational and practical.Then,from the theoretical level,the necessity of guiding students to acquire tacit knowledge in the teaching of ancient poetry in high school is analyzed.Through three classic examples of famous teachers,the situation of tacit knowledge teaching in the teaching of ancient poetry in high school is analyzed: first,it summarizes which places need to use tacit knowledge in ancient poetry appreciation activities;The second is to summarize the effective methods for teachers to guide students to acquire tacit knowledge and test students’ tacit knowledge;The third is to point out the shortcomings in the case on the issue of tacit knowledge teaching.Then,based on the analysis of the previous article,the good practices in the case are further explained and refined,and the deficiencies are supplemented and improved.Implementation strategies are proposed from four aspects: pre-course preparation,classroom teaching,teaching evaluation and after-class homework design.The pre-class preview stage: first,to guide students to carry out original ecological reading,pay attention to students’ self-perception in the first reading;Second,we should be good at transforming students’ initial sense of reading into useful teaching resources,teaching based on students’ understanding.In classroom teaching: first,we should respect the main position of students in teaching and stimulate students’ curiosity;Second,we should give full play to the unique role of perception teaching in the teaching of ancient poetry;Third,students should be guided to effectively grasp the "subordinate consciousness" in ancient poetry appreciation activities;Fourth,students should be guided to combine perceptual experience with rational debate;Fifth,we should guide students to establish a sense of reflection;Sixth,students should be guided to avoid the interference of wrong experiences.In terms of teaching evaluation:teachers should implement evaluation with the promotion of student development as the core,so that evaluation becomes a learning process.In terms of homework design: teachers should design homework that promotes student development as the core,and deepen classroom teaching with homework.Finally,taking Su Shi’s graceful and restrained poetry teaching design as an example,this paper makes an example of teaching design,and tries to concretize the strategy proposed by himself into teaching activities.