Evaluation And Selection Of Policy Tools For The Physical Education Reform Of The High School Entrance Examination In Shandong

In 2021,the Central Committee’s Opinions on Further Reducing the Burden of Homework and Offcampus Training for Students in Compulsory Education emphasized the need to deepen the reform of high school enrollment,and in the context of "double reduction ",the reform of physical education in the secondary school entrance examination returned to the public view.Shandong Province’s education departments at all levels have numerous policies for the reform of physical education in the secondary school entrance examination.The effective implementation of policies is a prerequisite for the smooth implementation of the reform.As a bridge connecting policy objectives and policy results,the selection process of policy tools also reflects the policy implementation process,which is the key to determining the success or failure of policies.Therefore,in the context of the reform of the high school entrance examination and the practical difficulties of the development of school physical education,clarifying the selection and evaluation of policy tools in the process of the reform of the high school entrance examination has become the "golden key" to the success of reform and innovation.Through the perspective of policy tools and using AHP as the main method,based on the theories of Roswell and Segfield policy tools,construct a three-dimensional analysis framework of X(policy tools)-Y(promotion of adolescent physical health)-Z(policy subjects),It conducts a quantitative analysis of the nature,policy tools,and policy subjects of 33 Shandong Province secondary school entrance examination sports reform policy texts from 2014 to 2022,with the aim of exploring the characteristics and issues of current policy text selection and proposing optimization strategies.The results are as follows:(1)From the perspective of the number of sports reform policies promulgated in Shandong Province,the overall trend of the reform is a tortuous upward trend.After screening and filling in gaps,33 policy texts were finally selected as valid data for the study.(2)The issuing agencies for the reform policies of physical education in the middle school entrance examination in Shandong Province are gradually improving,but each issuing agency lacks balance and collaboration.The Department of Education of Shandong Province is the main body of the papers,reaching 10,accounting for27%;Secondly,Shandong Provincial Government and Jinan Municipal Bureau of Education issued 3 papers,accounting for 8.1%;Shandong Provincial Sports Bureau,Weihai City,Linyi City,Yantai City and Heze City Sports Bureau all have two papers,accounting for 5.4%,and Weifang City,Zibo City and other 11 cities have one paper,accounting for 2.7%.(3)The types of policy texts are crowded,with a large proportion of differences between texts,which are mostly concentrated in a single text type.Among them,programmatic policies accounted for the highest proportion,with a total of 17 articles,accounting for 48.57% of the total.(4)In the 2014～2022 high school entrance examination sports policy,the utilization rate of environmental policy tools accounted for 72%,and the use was severely overspending.The internal ratio also needs to be optimized.The utilization rate of supply oriented policy tools is 19%,which is relatively balanced,but the internal proportion is unreasonable.The utilization rate of sports organizations is too high,accounting for 53%.The overall use of demand based policy tools is lacking,accounting for only 9% of the total.The internal ratio is uneven,and the utilization rate of government procurement is too low,accounting for only 6%.The internal classification of the promotion dimension of adolescent physical health is single,with the highest utilization rate of systems and mechanisms,accounting for55.6%.The utilization rate of school sports is relatively balanced,accounting for25.8%.The utilization rate of sports environment and sports teachers is relatively low,accounting for 8.8% and 9.8% respectively.In the dimension of policy subjects,the utilization rates are respectively government(45%),schools(26%),students(21%),and society(9%),indicating a significant imbalance among policy subjects.Based on the quantitative analysis results,this article proposes the following suggestions for a three dimensional analysis framework of policy tool dimension-adolescent physical health promotion dimension-policy subject dimension:(1)Strengthen the balance of policy tools for the reform of middle school physical education in Shandong Province.Optimize the internal elements of environmental policy tools,enhance the execution effect of supply based policy tools,and compensate for the use of demand based policy tools.(2)Enrich the dimensions of promoting adolescent physical health and improve the internal structural system.(3)Promote the balance of policy entities.